Combined effect of high stress and job dissatisfaction on long-term sickness absence: a 1-year prospective study of Japanese employees
Objectives: We prospectively examined the combined effect of high stress (i.e., being under great work-related stress), as defined in the Japanese Stress Check Program manual using the Brief Job Stress Questionnaire (BJSQ), and job dissatisfaction on long-term sickness absence lasting 1 month or mor...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Japan Society for Occupational Health
2020-06-01
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| Series: | Environmental and Occupational Health Practice |
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| _version_ | 1819118619025473536 |
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| author | Akiomi Inoue Yuko Kachi Hisashi Eguchi Akihito Shimazu Norito Kawakami Akizumi Tsutsumi |
| author_facet | Akiomi Inoue Yuko Kachi Hisashi Eguchi Akihito Shimazu Norito Kawakami Akizumi Tsutsumi |
| author_sort | Akiomi Inoue |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objectives: We prospectively examined the combined effect of high stress (i.e., being under great work-related stress), as defined in the Japanese Stress Check Program manual using the Brief Job Stress Questionnaire (BJSQ), and job dissatisfaction on long-term sickness absence lasting 1 month or more. Methods: Participants were 7,343 male and 7,344 female financial service company employees who completed the BJSQ. We obtained personnel records covering a 1-year period to identify employees with long-term sickness absence, which was treated as a dichotomous variable. Participants were classified into four groups (high-stress+dissatisfied, high-stress+satisfied, not high-stress+dissatisfied, and not high-stress+satisfied groups) to calculate the hazard ratios (HRs) of long-term sickness absence for these groups using Cox’s proportional hazard regression analysis. Furthermore, to examine whether the combined effect of high stress and job dissatisfaction is synergistic or additive, we calculated relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI), attributable proportion due to interaction (AP), synergy index (SI), and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: After adjustment for covariates, the HR of long-term sickness absence was highest among the high-stress+dissatisfied group (HR 6.49; 95% CI, 3.42–12.3) followed by the high-stress+satisfied group (HR 5.01; 95% CI, 1.91–13.1). The combined effect of high stress and job dissatisfaction was additive (95% CIs of RERI and AP included 0 and that of SI included 1). Conclusions: Our findings suggest incorporating high stress with job dissatisfaction improves the predictability of long-term sickness absence. However, employees reporting high stress but satisfaction with their jobs may still at increased risk of developing long-term sickness absence. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T05:51:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9d8f0d55d58848b29e0135056ba10926 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2434-4931 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T05:51:45Z |
| publishDate | 2020-06-01 |
| publisher | Japan Society for Occupational Health |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Environmental and Occupational Health Practice |
| spelling | doaj.art-9d8f0d55d58848b29e0135056ba109262022-12-21T18:36:50ZengJapan Society for Occupational HealthEnvironmental and Occupational Health Practice2434-49312020-06-012110.1539/eohp.2020-0002-OACombined effect of high stress and job dissatisfaction on long-term sickness absence: a 1-year prospective study of Japanese employeesAkiomi Inoue0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4079-0719Yuko Kachi1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4238-1265Hisashi Eguchi2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4153-8574Akihito Shimazu3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7172-0043Norito Kawakami4https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1080-2720Akizumi Tsutsumi5https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0966-4869Department of Public Health, Kitasato University School of Medicine, JAPANDepartment of Public Health, Kitasato University School of Medicine, JAPANDepartment of Public Health, Kitasato University School of Medicine, JAPANFaculty of Policy Management, Keio University, JAPAN;Asia Pacific Centre for Work Health and Safety, University of South Australia, AustraliaDepartment of Mental Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, JAPANDepartment of Public Health, Kitasato University School of Medicine, JAPANObjectives: We prospectively examined the combined effect of high stress (i.e., being under great work-related stress), as defined in the Japanese Stress Check Program manual using the Brief Job Stress Questionnaire (BJSQ), and job dissatisfaction on long-term sickness absence lasting 1 month or more. Methods: Participants were 7,343 male and 7,344 female financial service company employees who completed the BJSQ. We obtained personnel records covering a 1-year period to identify employees with long-term sickness absence, which was treated as a dichotomous variable. Participants were classified into four groups (high-stress+dissatisfied, high-stress+satisfied, not high-stress+dissatisfied, and not high-stress+satisfied groups) to calculate the hazard ratios (HRs) of long-term sickness absence for these groups using Cox’s proportional hazard regression analysis. Furthermore, to examine whether the combined effect of high stress and job dissatisfaction is synergistic or additive, we calculated relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI), attributable proportion due to interaction (AP), synergy index (SI), and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: After adjustment for covariates, the HR of long-term sickness absence was highest among the high-stress+dissatisfied group (HR 6.49; 95% CI, 3.42–12.3) followed by the high-stress+satisfied group (HR 5.01; 95% CI, 1.91–13.1). The combined effect of high stress and job dissatisfaction was additive (95% CIs of RERI and AP included 0 and that of SI included 1). Conclusions: Our findings suggest incorporating high stress with job dissatisfaction improves the predictability of long-term sickness absence. However, employees reporting high stress but satisfaction with their jobs may still at increased risk of developing long-term sickness absence.absenteeisminteraction effectjob satisfactionjob stresslongitudinal studiessurvival analysis |
| spellingShingle | Akiomi Inoue Yuko Kachi Hisashi Eguchi Akihito Shimazu Norito Kawakami Akizumi Tsutsumi Combined effect of high stress and job dissatisfaction on long-term sickness absence: a 1-year prospective study of Japanese employees Environmental and Occupational Health Practice absenteeism interaction effect job satisfaction job stress longitudinal studies survival analysis |
| title | Combined effect of high stress and job dissatisfaction on long-term sickness absence: a 1-year prospective study of Japanese employees |
| title_full | Combined effect of high stress and job dissatisfaction on long-term sickness absence: a 1-year prospective study of Japanese employees |
| title_fullStr | Combined effect of high stress and job dissatisfaction on long-term sickness absence: a 1-year prospective study of Japanese employees |
| title_full_unstemmed | Combined effect of high stress and job dissatisfaction on long-term sickness absence: a 1-year prospective study of Japanese employees |
| title_short | Combined effect of high stress and job dissatisfaction on long-term sickness absence: a 1-year prospective study of Japanese employees |
| title_sort | combined effect of high stress and job dissatisfaction on long term sickness absence a 1 year prospective study of japanese employees |
| topic | absenteeism interaction effect job satisfaction job stress longitudinal studies survival analysis |
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