External comparator studies and the joint application of the estimand and target trial emulation frameworks

The estimand framework (EF) and the target trial emulation framework (TTEF) are two important frameworks that can inform the design and analysis of external comparator (EC) studies. The EF helps clarifying the quantity to be estimated (the “estimand”), especially regarding the handling of post-basel...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Gerd Rippin, Héctor Sanz
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2024-10-01
Series:Frontiers in Drug Safety and Regulation
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fdsfr.2024.1409102/full