Multifaceted entrancing role of glucose and its analogue, 2-deoxy-D-glucose in cancer cell proliferation, inflammation, and virus infection
Chronic exposure to high glucose inside the human body helps in the progression of cancer by activating various signaling pathways including PI3K, Akt, mTOR, Ras, Raf, MAPK, and PKC. Hyperglycemia induces ROS and AGE production and decreases the functional activities of the cellular antioxidant syst...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0753332222011908 |
| _version_ | 1798018740234747904 |
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| author | Sananda Dey Nensina Murmu Tanushree Mondal Ishita Saha Soumendranath Chatterjee Rahul Manna Subhash Haldar Sandeep K. Dash Tapasree Roy Sarkar Biplab Giri |
| author_facet | Sananda Dey Nensina Murmu Tanushree Mondal Ishita Saha Soumendranath Chatterjee Rahul Manna Subhash Haldar Sandeep K. Dash Tapasree Roy Sarkar Biplab Giri |
| author_sort | Sananda Dey |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Chronic exposure to high glucose inside the human body helps in the progression of cancer by activating various signaling pathways including PI3K, Akt, mTOR, Ras, Raf, MAPK, and PKC. Hyperglycemia induces ROS and AGE production and decreases the functional activities of the cellular antioxidant system. By downregulating the prolyl hydroxylase, it stabilizes HIF-α leading to EMT-induced cancer progression and inhibition of apoptosis. High glucose level increases inflammation by creating a pro-inflammatory environment through the production of certain pro-inflammatory mediators (cytokines, chemokines, leukotrienes), and by influencing the recruitment of immune cells, leukocytes in the inflamed region. High glucose impairs the immune response and dysregulates ROS formation through the alteration in ETC and glutaminolysis which makes hyperglycemic patients more susceptible to viral infection. 2-DG is a modified form of D-glucose, that shows anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and anti-viral effects. It enters the cells through GLUT transporters and is converted into 2-deoxy-D-glucose-6-phosphate with the help of hexokinase. It inhibits the glycolysis, the TCA cycle, and the pentose phosphate pathway leading to ATP depletion. By downregulating glucose uptake and energy (ATP) production it halts various pathways responsible for cancer progression. It promotes the formation of anti-inflammatory mediators, and macrophage polarization, and also modulates immune function, which decreases inflammation. 2-DG inhibits PI3K/Akt/mTOR and upregulates the AMPK pathway, causing activation of the SIRT-4 gene that reduces lipogenesis, glucose uptake, nucleotide formation, and alters viral replication thus reducing the chances of infection. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T16:29:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a0e057247607418794f025c3e3799473 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0753-3322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T16:29:31Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy |
| spelling | doaj.art-a0e057247607418794f025c3e37994732022-12-22T04:14:04ZengElsevierBiomedicine & Pharmacotherapy0753-33222022-12-01156113801Multifaceted entrancing role of glucose and its analogue, 2-deoxy-D-glucose in cancer cell proliferation, inflammation, and virus infectionSananda Dey0Nensina Murmu1Tanushree Mondal2Ishita Saha3Soumendranath Chatterjee4Rahul Manna5Subhash Haldar6Sandeep K. Dash7Tapasree Roy Sarkar8Biplab Giri9Department of Physiology, University of Gour Banga, Malda 732103, IndiaDepartment of Physiology, University of Gour Banga, Malda 732103, IndiaDepartment of Physiology, University of Gour Banga, Malda 732103, IndiaDepartment of Physiology, Medical College & Hospital, Kolkata 700073, IndiaDepartment of Zoology, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Bardhaman 713104, IndiaDepartment of Emergency Medicine, IPGME&R, SSKM Hospital, Kolkata 700020, IndiaDepartment of Food & Nutrition, University of Gour Banga, Malda 732103, IndiaDepartment of Physiology, University of Gour Banga, Malda 732103, IndiaDepartment of Biology, Texas A&M University, 3258 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843, USADepartment of Physiology, University of Gour Banga, Malda 732103, India; Corresponding author.Chronic exposure to high glucose inside the human body helps in the progression of cancer by activating various signaling pathways including PI3K, Akt, mTOR, Ras, Raf, MAPK, and PKC. Hyperglycemia induces ROS and AGE production and decreases the functional activities of the cellular antioxidant system. By downregulating the prolyl hydroxylase, it stabilizes HIF-α leading to EMT-induced cancer progression and inhibition of apoptosis. High glucose level increases inflammation by creating a pro-inflammatory environment through the production of certain pro-inflammatory mediators (cytokines, chemokines, leukotrienes), and by influencing the recruitment of immune cells, leukocytes in the inflamed region. High glucose impairs the immune response and dysregulates ROS formation through the alteration in ETC and glutaminolysis which makes hyperglycemic patients more susceptible to viral infection. 2-DG is a modified form of D-glucose, that shows anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and anti-viral effects. It enters the cells through GLUT transporters and is converted into 2-deoxy-D-glucose-6-phosphate with the help of hexokinase. It inhibits the glycolysis, the TCA cycle, and the pentose phosphate pathway leading to ATP depletion. By downregulating glucose uptake and energy (ATP) production it halts various pathways responsible for cancer progression. It promotes the formation of anti-inflammatory mediators, and macrophage polarization, and also modulates immune function, which decreases inflammation. 2-DG inhibits PI3K/Akt/mTOR and upregulates the AMPK pathway, causing activation of the SIRT-4 gene that reduces lipogenesis, glucose uptake, nucleotide formation, and alters viral replication thus reducing the chances of infection.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0753332222011908Glucose2-deoxy-D-glucoseCancerCell proliferationInflammationViral infection |
| spellingShingle | Sananda Dey Nensina Murmu Tanushree Mondal Ishita Saha Soumendranath Chatterjee Rahul Manna Subhash Haldar Sandeep K. Dash Tapasree Roy Sarkar Biplab Giri Multifaceted entrancing role of glucose and its analogue, 2-deoxy-D-glucose in cancer cell proliferation, inflammation, and virus infection Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy Glucose 2-deoxy-D-glucose Cancer Cell proliferation Inflammation Viral infection |
| title | Multifaceted entrancing role of glucose and its analogue, 2-deoxy-D-glucose in cancer cell proliferation, inflammation, and virus infection |
| title_full | Multifaceted entrancing role of glucose and its analogue, 2-deoxy-D-glucose in cancer cell proliferation, inflammation, and virus infection |
| title_fullStr | Multifaceted entrancing role of glucose and its analogue, 2-deoxy-D-glucose in cancer cell proliferation, inflammation, and virus infection |
| title_full_unstemmed | Multifaceted entrancing role of glucose and its analogue, 2-deoxy-D-glucose in cancer cell proliferation, inflammation, and virus infection |
| title_short | Multifaceted entrancing role of glucose and its analogue, 2-deoxy-D-glucose in cancer cell proliferation, inflammation, and virus infection |
| title_sort | multifaceted entrancing role of glucose and its analogue 2 deoxy d glucose in cancer cell proliferation inflammation and virus infection |
| topic | Glucose 2-deoxy-D-glucose Cancer Cell proliferation Inflammation Viral infection |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0753332222011908 |
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