Bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis identifies causal associations between cardiovascular diseases and frozen shoulder
Abstract Background Although prior observational studies indicate an association between cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and frozen shoulder (FS), the potential causal relationship between them remains uncertain. This study aims to explore the genetic causal relationship between CVDs and FS using Men...
Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
BMC
2024-02-01
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Series: | Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13018-024-04600-7 |