Smoking, alcohol consumption, and 24 gastrointestinal diseases: Mendelian randomization analysis
Background: Whether the positive associations of smoking and alcohol consumption with gastrointestinal diseases are causal is uncertain. We conducted this Mendelian randomization (MR) to comprehensively examine associations of smoking and alcohol consumption with common gastrointestinal diseases. Me...
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
eLife Sciences Publications Ltd
2023-02-01
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Series: | eLife |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://elifesciences.org/articles/84051 |