Assessment of Fatty Acid Composition, Bioactive Compounds, and Mineral Composition in Hazelnut Genetic Resources: Implications for Nutritional Value and Breeding Programs
This study was carried out to determine the fatty acid composition, bioactive compounds, and mineral element content of standard hazelnut cultivars and accessions from the Eastern Black Sea region. A wide variation was determined in terms of the traits examined between hazelnut accessions and cultiv...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Horticulturae |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/9/9/1008 |
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| author | Mehmet Yaman Mehmet Fikret Balta Orhan Karakaya Tuncay Kaya Tomas Necas Ercan Yildiz Emine Dirim |
| author_facet | Mehmet Yaman Mehmet Fikret Balta Orhan Karakaya Tuncay Kaya Tomas Necas Ercan Yildiz Emine Dirim |
| author_sort | Mehmet Yaman |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study was carried out to determine the fatty acid composition, bioactive compounds, and mineral element content of standard hazelnut cultivars and accessions from the Eastern Black Sea region. A wide variation was determined in terms of the traits examined between hazelnut accessions and cultivars. Most of the accessions investigated had higher values of bioactive compounds, oleic acid, stearic acid, Na, and Ca than the standard cultivars. Among accessions investigated, S-1 had the highest total phenolics and antioxidants (557.3 mg/100 g and 0.53 mmol/100 g) while P-4 had the lowest (307.3 mg/100 g and 0.22 mmol/100 g). The highest oleic acid content was determined in P-2 (87.16%); the lowest was in H-1 (71.24%). Linoleic acid ranged from 4.35% (P-1) to 18.06% (H-1). P-2 (3349 mg/kg and 2464 mg/kg, respectively) had the highest K and P contents. The highest Mg content was found in S-1 (1787 mg/kg). The highest value of Ca and Na was determined in P-1 (2701 mg/kg and 412 mg/kg, respectively). Principal component analysis revealed that the traits studied could effectively explain the variability among hazelnut genetic sources. First, three components explained about 60% of total variation. PC1 was related to arachidonic acid and most of the mineral elements (P, K, Mg, Ca, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, B, Cd, Ni, and S), and explained 27.6% of the total variation. PC2 explained 18.3% of the total variation, and was mainly related to oleic, linoleic, and linolenic acid, as well as Ca. PC3 was related to total phenolics, total flavonoids, antioxidant activity, and palmitic acid, and explained 14.5% of total variation. The oleic acid had a strong negative correlation with linoleic acid (−0.99 ***) and linolenic acid (−0.95 ***). A strong positive correlation was determined between antioxidant activity and total flavonoids (r = 0.95 ***). K content showed a strong positive correlation with P (r = 0.92 ***) and Mg (r = 0.82 ***) contents. A strong positive correlation was also determined between P and Mg (r = 0.91***). These findings revealed that many of the accessions investigated were a good source of fatty acids and bioactive compounds. As a conclusion, most accessions with superior nutritional content can be evaluated as genetic material for the development of new cultivars in hazelnut breeding programs. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:42:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a8977f9f9b104da0a47579625c141cc3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2311-7524 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:42:36Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
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| series | Horticulturae |
| spelling | doaj.art-a8977f9f9b104da0a47579625c141cc32023-11-19T10:58:56ZengMDPI AGHorticulturae2311-75242023-09-0199100810.3390/horticulturae9091008Assessment of Fatty Acid Composition, Bioactive Compounds, and Mineral Composition in Hazelnut Genetic Resources: Implications for Nutritional Value and Breeding ProgramsMehmet Yaman0Mehmet Fikret Balta1Orhan Karakaya2Tuncay Kaya3Tomas Necas4Ercan Yildiz5Emine Dirim6Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Horticulture, Erciyes University, 38280 Kayseri, TürkiyeFaculty of Agriculture, Department of Horticulture, Ordu University, 52200 Ordu, TürkiyeFaculty of Agriculture, Department of Horticulture, Sakarya University of Applied Sciences, 54187 Sakarya, TürkiyeFaculty of Agriculture, Department of Horticulture, Igdır University, 76000 Igdır, TürkiyeFaculty of Horticulture, Department of Fruit Science, Mendel University, 61300 Lednice, Czech RepublicFaculty of Agriculture, Department of Horticulture, Erciyes University, 38280 Kayseri, TürkiyeFaculty of Agriculture, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Erciyes University, 38280 Kayseri, TürkiyeThis study was carried out to determine the fatty acid composition, bioactive compounds, and mineral element content of standard hazelnut cultivars and accessions from the Eastern Black Sea region. A wide variation was determined in terms of the traits examined between hazelnut accessions and cultivars. Most of the accessions investigated had higher values of bioactive compounds, oleic acid, stearic acid, Na, and Ca than the standard cultivars. Among accessions investigated, S-1 had the highest total phenolics and antioxidants (557.3 mg/100 g and 0.53 mmol/100 g) while P-4 had the lowest (307.3 mg/100 g and 0.22 mmol/100 g). The highest oleic acid content was determined in P-2 (87.16%); the lowest was in H-1 (71.24%). Linoleic acid ranged from 4.35% (P-1) to 18.06% (H-1). P-2 (3349 mg/kg and 2464 mg/kg, respectively) had the highest K and P contents. The highest Mg content was found in S-1 (1787 mg/kg). The highest value of Ca and Na was determined in P-1 (2701 mg/kg and 412 mg/kg, respectively). Principal component analysis revealed that the traits studied could effectively explain the variability among hazelnut genetic sources. First, three components explained about 60% of total variation. PC1 was related to arachidonic acid and most of the mineral elements (P, K, Mg, Ca, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, B, Cd, Ni, and S), and explained 27.6% of the total variation. PC2 explained 18.3% of the total variation, and was mainly related to oleic, linoleic, and linolenic acid, as well as Ca. PC3 was related to total phenolics, total flavonoids, antioxidant activity, and palmitic acid, and explained 14.5% of total variation. The oleic acid had a strong negative correlation with linoleic acid (−0.99 ***) and linolenic acid (−0.95 ***). A strong positive correlation was determined between antioxidant activity and total flavonoids (r = 0.95 ***). K content showed a strong positive correlation with P (r = 0.92 ***) and Mg (r = 0.82 ***) contents. A strong positive correlation was also determined between P and Mg (r = 0.91***). These findings revealed that many of the accessions investigated were a good source of fatty acids and bioactive compounds. As a conclusion, most accessions with superior nutritional content can be evaluated as genetic material for the development of new cultivars in hazelnut breeding programs.https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/9/9/1008<i>Corylus avellana</i> L.genetic resourcekernelphenolicsantioxidantoleic |
| spellingShingle | Mehmet Yaman Mehmet Fikret Balta Orhan Karakaya Tuncay Kaya Tomas Necas Ercan Yildiz Emine Dirim Assessment of Fatty Acid Composition, Bioactive Compounds, and Mineral Composition in Hazelnut Genetic Resources: Implications for Nutritional Value and Breeding Programs Horticulturae <i>Corylus avellana</i> L. genetic resource kernel phenolics antioxidant oleic |
| title | Assessment of Fatty Acid Composition, Bioactive Compounds, and Mineral Composition in Hazelnut Genetic Resources: Implications for Nutritional Value and Breeding Programs |
| title_full | Assessment of Fatty Acid Composition, Bioactive Compounds, and Mineral Composition in Hazelnut Genetic Resources: Implications for Nutritional Value and Breeding Programs |
| title_fullStr | Assessment of Fatty Acid Composition, Bioactive Compounds, and Mineral Composition in Hazelnut Genetic Resources: Implications for Nutritional Value and Breeding Programs |
| title_full_unstemmed | Assessment of Fatty Acid Composition, Bioactive Compounds, and Mineral Composition in Hazelnut Genetic Resources: Implications for Nutritional Value and Breeding Programs |
| title_short | Assessment of Fatty Acid Composition, Bioactive Compounds, and Mineral Composition in Hazelnut Genetic Resources: Implications for Nutritional Value and Breeding Programs |
| title_sort | assessment of fatty acid composition bioactive compounds and mineral composition in hazelnut genetic resources implications for nutritional value and breeding programs |
| topic | <i>Corylus avellana</i> L. genetic resource kernel phenolics antioxidant oleic |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/9/9/1008 |
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