Toward Effects of Hydrophobicity on Biosurfactant Production by <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> Isolates from Crude-Oil-Exposed Environments
Background: Due to their structural features, biosurfactants reveal promising physicochemical properties, making them interesting for various applications in different fields, such as the food, cosmetics, agriculture, and bioremediation sectors. In particular, the bioproduction of surfactin, one of...
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MDPI AG
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Applied Microbiology |
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| author | Seyedeh Zahra Hashemi Jamshid Fooladi Maliheh Vahidinasab Philipp Hubel Jens Pfannstiel Evelina Pillai Holger Hrenn Rudolf Hausmann Lars Lilge |
| author_facet | Seyedeh Zahra Hashemi Jamshid Fooladi Maliheh Vahidinasab Philipp Hubel Jens Pfannstiel Evelina Pillai Holger Hrenn Rudolf Hausmann Lars Lilge |
| author_sort | Seyedeh Zahra Hashemi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Due to their structural features, biosurfactants reveal promising physicochemical properties, making them interesting for various applications in different fields, such as the food, cosmetics, agriculture, and bioremediation sectors. In particular, the bioproduction of surfactin, one of the most potent microbially synthesized biosurfactant molecules, is of great interest. However, since the wild-type productivities are comparably low, stimulatory environmental conditions have to be identified for improved bioproduction This study aims to find a correlation between the hydrophobicity and production of the biosurfactant surfactin by <i>B. subtilis</i> isolates from crude-oil-contaminated soil and water. Methods: The surfactin production yield was characterized in adapted batch cultivations using high-performance thin-layer liquid chromatography (HPTLC). Defined hydrophobic environmental conditions were achieved by supplementation with hexadecane or polystyrene beads, and the effects on biosurfactant production were measured. Adaptations at the protein level were analyzed using mass spectrometry measurements. Results: The correlation between hydrophobicity and surfactin production was characterized using <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> strains ZH1 and P7 isolated from crude-oil-contaminated soil and water. Since these isolates show the biodegradation of crude oil and hexadecane as hydrophobic substrates, respectively, a first-time approach, using polystyrene beads, was applied to provide a hydrophobic environment. Interestingly, contrary to popular opinion, reduced biosurfactant production was determined. Using mass spectrometric approaches, the physiological effects of co-cultivation and the cellular response at the protein level were investigated, resulting in altered quantities of stress proteins and proteins involved in the carbon metabolism counter to polystyrene beads. Conclusions: Contrary to common opinion, increasing hydrophobicity does not have a stimulating effect, and even reduces the effect on the bioproduction of surfactin as the main biosurfactant using selected <i>B. subtilis</i> strains. |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T18:35:53Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-a89c70b10aa847b185b84613ef290dae2024-03-27T13:18:56ZengMDPI AGApplied Microbiology2673-80072024-01-014121523610.3390/applmicrobiol4010015Toward Effects of Hydrophobicity on Biosurfactant Production by <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> Isolates from Crude-Oil-Exposed EnvironmentsSeyedeh Zahra Hashemi0Jamshid Fooladi1Maliheh Vahidinasab2Philipp Hubel3Jens Pfannstiel4Evelina Pillai5Holger Hrenn6Rudolf Hausmann7Lars Lilge8Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Alzahra University, Tehran 1993893973, IranDepartment of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Alzahra University, Tehran 1993893973, IranDepartment of Bioprocess Engineering (150k), Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology (150), University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstr. 12, 70599 Stuttgart, GermanyCore Facility Hohenheim, Mass Spectrometry Unit, University of Hohenheim, Ottilie-Zeller-Weg 2, 70599 Stuttgart, GermanyCore Facility Hohenheim, Mass Spectrometry Unit, University of Hohenheim, Ottilie-Zeller-Weg 2, 70599 Stuttgart, GermanyCore Facility Hohenheim (640), Data Management & Bioinformatics, University of Hohenheim, Emil-Wolff-Str. 12, 70599 Stuttgart, GermanyCore Facility Hohenheim (640), Analytical Chemistry Unit, University of Hohenheim, Emil-Wolff-Str. 12, 70599 Stuttgart, GermanyDepartment of Bioprocess Engineering (150k), Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology (150), University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstr. 12, 70599 Stuttgart, GermanyDepartment of Molecular Genetics, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen, The NetherlandsBackground: Due to their structural features, biosurfactants reveal promising physicochemical properties, making them interesting for various applications in different fields, such as the food, cosmetics, agriculture, and bioremediation sectors. In particular, the bioproduction of surfactin, one of the most potent microbially synthesized biosurfactant molecules, is of great interest. However, since the wild-type productivities are comparably low, stimulatory environmental conditions have to be identified for improved bioproduction This study aims to find a correlation between the hydrophobicity and production of the biosurfactant surfactin by <i>B. subtilis</i> isolates from crude-oil-contaminated soil and water. Methods: The surfactin production yield was characterized in adapted batch cultivations using high-performance thin-layer liquid chromatography (HPTLC). Defined hydrophobic environmental conditions were achieved by supplementation with hexadecane or polystyrene beads, and the effects on biosurfactant production were measured. Adaptations at the protein level were analyzed using mass spectrometry measurements. Results: The correlation between hydrophobicity and surfactin production was characterized using <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> strains ZH1 and P7 isolated from crude-oil-contaminated soil and water. Since these isolates show the biodegradation of crude oil and hexadecane as hydrophobic substrates, respectively, a first-time approach, using polystyrene beads, was applied to provide a hydrophobic environment. Interestingly, contrary to popular opinion, reduced biosurfactant production was determined. Using mass spectrometric approaches, the physiological effects of co-cultivation and the cellular response at the protein level were investigated, resulting in altered quantities of stress proteins and proteins involved in the carbon metabolism counter to polystyrene beads. Conclusions: Contrary to common opinion, increasing hydrophobicity does not have a stimulating effect, and even reduces the effect on the bioproduction of surfactin as the main biosurfactant using selected <i>B. subtilis</i> strains.https://www.mdpi.com/2673-8007/4/1/15<i>Bacillus subtilis</i>hydrophobicitybiosurfactantssurfactinproteomicsstress |
| spellingShingle | Seyedeh Zahra Hashemi Jamshid Fooladi Maliheh Vahidinasab Philipp Hubel Jens Pfannstiel Evelina Pillai Holger Hrenn Rudolf Hausmann Lars Lilge Toward Effects of Hydrophobicity on Biosurfactant Production by <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> Isolates from Crude-Oil-Exposed Environments Applied Microbiology <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> hydrophobicity biosurfactants surfactin proteomics stress |
| title | Toward Effects of Hydrophobicity on Biosurfactant Production by <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> Isolates from Crude-Oil-Exposed Environments |
| title_full | Toward Effects of Hydrophobicity on Biosurfactant Production by <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> Isolates from Crude-Oil-Exposed Environments |
| title_fullStr | Toward Effects of Hydrophobicity on Biosurfactant Production by <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> Isolates from Crude-Oil-Exposed Environments |
| title_full_unstemmed | Toward Effects of Hydrophobicity on Biosurfactant Production by <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> Isolates from Crude-Oil-Exposed Environments |
| title_short | Toward Effects of Hydrophobicity on Biosurfactant Production by <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> Isolates from Crude-Oil-Exposed Environments |
| title_sort | toward effects of hydrophobicity on biosurfactant production by i bacillus subtilis i isolates from crude oil exposed environments |
| topic | <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> hydrophobicity biosurfactants surfactin proteomics stress |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-8007/4/1/15 |
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