Prevalence of Antibiotic and Heavy Metal Resistance Determinants and Virulence-Related Genetic Elements in Plasmids of Staphylococcus aureus

The use of antibiotics on a mass scale, particularly in farming, and their release into the environment has led to a rapid emergence of resistant bacteria. Once emerged, resistance determinants are spread by horizontal gene transfer among strains of the same as well as disparate bacterial species. T...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Michal Bukowski, Rafal Piwowarczyk, Anna Madry, Rafal Zagorski-Przybylo, Marcin Hydzik, Benedykt Wladyka
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2019-04-01
Series:Frontiers in Microbiology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2019.00805/full