VPP Participation in the FCR Cooperation Considering Opportunity Costs

VPP Participation in the FCR Cooperation Considering Opportunity Costs

Currently, the transmission system operators (TSOs) from Portugal and Spain do not procure a frequency containment reserve (FCR) through market mechanisms. In this context, a virtual power plant (VPP) that aggregates sources, such as wind and solar power and hydrogen electrolyzers (HEs), would benef...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors:	Fernando J. Ribeiro, João A. Peças Lopes, Filipe J. Soares, André G. Madureira
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	MDPI AG 2024-04-01
Series:	Applied Sciences
Subjects:	FCR cooperation virtual power plant revenue analysis
Online Access:	https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/14/7/2985

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