Structure and function of molecular machines involved in deadenylation-dependent 5′-3′ mRNA degradation
In eukaryotic cells, the synthesis, processing, and degradation of mRNA are important processes required for the accurate execution of gene expression programmes. Fully processed cytoplasmic mRNA is characterised by the presence of a 5′cap structure and 3′poly(A) tail. These elements promote transla...
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| Format: | Article |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-10-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Genetics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fgene.2023.1233842/full |
| _version_ | 1797663358667718656 |
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| author | Qi Zhao Lorenzo Pavanello Mark Bartlam Gerlof Sebastiaan Winkler |
| author_facet | Qi Zhao Lorenzo Pavanello Mark Bartlam Gerlof Sebastiaan Winkler |
| author_sort | Qi Zhao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In eukaryotic cells, the synthesis, processing, and degradation of mRNA are important processes required for the accurate execution of gene expression programmes. Fully processed cytoplasmic mRNA is characterised by the presence of a 5′cap structure and 3′poly(A) tail. These elements promote translation and prevent non-specific degradation. Degradation via the deadenylation-dependent 5′-3′ degradation pathway can be induced by trans-acting factors binding the mRNA, such as RNA-binding proteins recognising sequence elements and the miRNA-induced repression complex. These factors recruit the core mRNA degradation machinery that carries out the following steps: i) shortening of the poly(A) tail by the Ccr4-Not and Pan2-Pan3 poly (A)-specific nucleases (deadenylases); ii) removal of the 5′cap structure by the Dcp1-Dcp2 decapping complex that is recruited by the Lsm1-7-Pat1 complex; and iii) degradation of the mRNA body by the 5′-3′ exoribonuclease Xrn1. In this review, the biochemical function of the nucleases and accessory proteins involved in deadenylation-dependent mRNA degradation will be reviewed with a particular focus on structural aspects of the proteins and enzymes involved. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T19:13:21Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-aaa00c34c6474f86bc96b7953a49fef9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-8021 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T19:13:21Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Genetics |
| spelling | doaj.art-aaa00c34c6474f86bc96b7953a49fef92023-10-09T10:10:37ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Genetics1664-80212023-10-011410.3389/fgene.2023.12338421233842Structure and function of molecular machines involved in deadenylation-dependent 5′-3′ mRNA degradationQi Zhao0Lorenzo Pavanello1Mark Bartlam2Gerlof Sebastiaan Winkler3State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai International Advanced Research Institute (Shenzhen Futian), Nankai University, Tianjin, ChinaSchool of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, United KingdomState Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai International Advanced Research Institute (Shenzhen Futian), Nankai University, Tianjin, ChinaSchool of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, United KingdomIn eukaryotic cells, the synthesis, processing, and degradation of mRNA are important processes required for the accurate execution of gene expression programmes. Fully processed cytoplasmic mRNA is characterised by the presence of a 5′cap structure and 3′poly(A) tail. These elements promote translation and prevent non-specific degradation. Degradation via the deadenylation-dependent 5′-3′ degradation pathway can be induced by trans-acting factors binding the mRNA, such as RNA-binding proteins recognising sequence elements and the miRNA-induced repression complex. These factors recruit the core mRNA degradation machinery that carries out the following steps: i) shortening of the poly(A) tail by the Ccr4-Not and Pan2-Pan3 poly (A)-specific nucleases (deadenylases); ii) removal of the 5′cap structure by the Dcp1-Dcp2 decapping complex that is recruited by the Lsm1-7-Pat1 complex; and iii) degradation of the mRNA body by the 5′-3′ exoribonuclease Xrn1. In this review, the biochemical function of the nucleases and accessory proteins involved in deadenylation-dependent mRNA degradation will be reviewed with a particular focus on structural aspects of the proteins and enzymes involved.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fgene.2023.1233842/fullRNApoly(A)gene expressionRNA degradation pathwayRNA decaynuclease |
| spellingShingle | Qi Zhao Lorenzo Pavanello Mark Bartlam Gerlof Sebastiaan Winkler Structure and function of molecular machines involved in deadenylation-dependent 5′-3′ mRNA degradation Frontiers in Genetics RNA poly(A) gene expression RNA degradation pathway RNA decay nuclease |
| title | Structure and function of molecular machines involved in deadenylation-dependent 5′-3′ mRNA degradation |
| title_full | Structure and function of molecular machines involved in deadenylation-dependent 5′-3′ mRNA degradation |
| title_fullStr | Structure and function of molecular machines involved in deadenylation-dependent 5′-3′ mRNA degradation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Structure and function of molecular machines involved in deadenylation-dependent 5′-3′ mRNA degradation |
| title_short | Structure and function of molecular machines involved in deadenylation-dependent 5′-3′ mRNA degradation |
| title_sort | structure and function of molecular machines involved in deadenylation dependent 5 3 mrna degradation |
| topic | RNA poly(A) gene expression RNA degradation pathway RNA decay nuclease |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fgene.2023.1233842/full |
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