Effects of Seawater Acidification on Echinoid Adult Stage: A Review
The continuous release of CO<sub>2</sub> in the atmosphere is increasing the acidity of seawater worldwide, and the pH is predicted to be reduced by ~0.4 units by 2100. Ocean acidification (OA) is changing the carbonate chemistry, jeopardizing the life of marine organisms, and in particu...
Main Authors: | , |
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-03-01
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Series: | Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/10/4/477 |