RKIP: A Key Regulator in Tumor Metastasis Initiation and Resistance to Apoptosis: Therapeutic Targeting and Impact
RAF-kinase inhibitor protein (RKIP) is a well-established tumor suppressor that is frequently downregulated in a plethora of solid and hematological malignancies. RKIP exerts antimetastatic and pro-apoptotic properties in cancer cells, via modulation of signaling pathways and gene products involved...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2018-08-01
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| Series: | Cancers |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/10/9/287 |
| _version_ | 1797719380091469824 |
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| author | Apostolos Zaravinos Benjamin Bonavida Ekaterini Chatzaki Stavroula Baritaki |
| author_facet | Apostolos Zaravinos Benjamin Bonavida Ekaterini Chatzaki Stavroula Baritaki |
| author_sort | Apostolos Zaravinos |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | RAF-kinase inhibitor protein (RKIP) is a well-established tumor suppressor that is frequently downregulated in a plethora of solid and hematological malignancies. RKIP exerts antimetastatic and pro-apoptotic properties in cancer cells, via modulation of signaling pathways and gene products involved in tumor survival and spread. Here we review the contribution of RKIP in the regulation of early metastatic steps such as epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), migration, and invasion, as well as in tumor sensitivity to conventional therapeutics and immuno-mediated cytotoxicity. We further provide updated justification for targeting RKIP as a strategy to overcome tumor chemo/immuno-resistance and suppress metastasis, through the use of agents able to modulate RKIP expression in cancer cells. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T09:05:00Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b00fa455f4a4415981df85671fcdf647 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6694 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T09:05:00Z |
| publishDate | 2018-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cancers |
| spelling | doaj.art-b00fa455f4a4415981df85671fcdf6472023-09-02T15:25:44ZengMDPI AGCancers2072-66942018-08-0110928710.3390/cancers10090287cancers10090287RKIP: A Key Regulator in Tumor Metastasis Initiation and Resistance to Apoptosis: Therapeutic Targeting and ImpactApostolos Zaravinos0Benjamin Bonavida1Ekaterini Chatzaki2Stavroula Baritaki3Department of Life Sciences, School of Sciences, European University Cyprus, Nicosia 2404, CyprusDepartment of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USALaboratory of Pharmacology, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis 68100, GreeceDivision of Surgical Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete 71500, GreeceRAF-kinase inhibitor protein (RKIP) is a well-established tumor suppressor that is frequently downregulated in a plethora of solid and hematological malignancies. RKIP exerts antimetastatic and pro-apoptotic properties in cancer cells, via modulation of signaling pathways and gene products involved in tumor survival and spread. Here we review the contribution of RKIP in the regulation of early metastatic steps such as epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), migration, and invasion, as well as in tumor sensitivity to conventional therapeutics and immuno-mediated cytotoxicity. We further provide updated justification for targeting RKIP as a strategy to overcome tumor chemo/immuno-resistance and suppress metastasis, through the use of agents able to modulate RKIP expression in cancer cells.http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/10/9/287RKIPcancerresistancemetastasisEMTtherapy |
| spellingShingle | Apostolos Zaravinos Benjamin Bonavida Ekaterini Chatzaki Stavroula Baritaki RKIP: A Key Regulator in Tumor Metastasis Initiation and Resistance to Apoptosis: Therapeutic Targeting and Impact Cancers RKIP cancer resistance metastasis EMT therapy |
| title | RKIP: A Key Regulator in Tumor Metastasis Initiation and Resistance to Apoptosis: Therapeutic Targeting and Impact |
| title_full | RKIP: A Key Regulator in Tumor Metastasis Initiation and Resistance to Apoptosis: Therapeutic Targeting and Impact |
| title_fullStr | RKIP: A Key Regulator in Tumor Metastasis Initiation and Resistance to Apoptosis: Therapeutic Targeting and Impact |
| title_full_unstemmed | RKIP: A Key Regulator in Tumor Metastasis Initiation and Resistance to Apoptosis: Therapeutic Targeting and Impact |
| title_short | RKIP: A Key Regulator in Tumor Metastasis Initiation and Resistance to Apoptosis: Therapeutic Targeting and Impact |
| title_sort | rkip a key regulator in tumor metastasis initiation and resistance to apoptosis therapeutic targeting and impact |
| topic | RKIP cancer resistance metastasis EMT therapy |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/10/9/287 |
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