Virtual nuclear envelope breakdown and its regulators in fission yeast meiosis
Ran, a small GTPase, is required for the spindle formation and nuclear envelope (NE) formation. After NE breakdown (NEBD) during mitosis in metazoan cells, the Ran-GTP gradient across the NE is lost and Ran-GTP becomes concentrated around chromatin, thus affecting the stability of microtubules and p...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2016-02-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology |
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| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fcell.2016.00005/full |
| _version_ | 1818591999607963648 |
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| author | Haruhiko eAsakawa Hui-Ju eYang Yasushi eHiraoka Yasushi eHiraoka Tokuko eHaraguchi Tokuko eHaraguchi |
| author_facet | Haruhiko eAsakawa Hui-Ju eYang Yasushi eHiraoka Yasushi eHiraoka Tokuko eHaraguchi Tokuko eHaraguchi |
| author_sort | Haruhiko eAsakawa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ran, a small GTPase, is required for the spindle formation and nuclear envelope (NE) formation. After NE breakdown (NEBD) during mitosis in metazoan cells, the Ran-GTP gradient across the NE is lost and Ran-GTP becomes concentrated around chromatin, thus affecting the stability of microtubules and promoting the assembly of spindle microtubules and segregation of chromosomes. Mitosis in which chromosomes are segregated subsequent to NEBD is called open mitosis. In contrast, many fungi undergo a process termed closed mitosis in which chromosome segregation and spindle formation occur without NEBD. Although the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe undergoes a closed mitosis, it exhibits a short period during meiosis (anaphase of the second meiosis; called anaphase II) when nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins are mixed in the presence of intact NE and nuclear pore complexes (NPC). This virtual nuclear envelope breakdown (vNEBD) involves changes in the localization of RanGAP1, an activator of Ran-GTP hydrolysis. Recently, Nup132, a component of the structural core Nup107-160 subcomplex of the NPC, has been shown to be involved in the maintenance of the nuclear cytoplasmic barrier in yeast meiosis. In this review, we highlight the possible roles of RanGAP1 and Nup132 in vNEBD and discuss the biological significance of vNEBD in S. pombe meiosis. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-16T10:21:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b1311322a56a42d39da5e1f22f37d945 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-634X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-16T10:21:22Z |
| publishDate | 2016-02-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology |
| spelling | doaj.art-b1311322a56a42d39da5e1f22f37d9452022-12-21T22:35:18ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology2296-634X2016-02-01410.3389/fcell.2016.00005162733Virtual nuclear envelope breakdown and its regulators in fission yeast meiosisHaruhiko eAsakawa0Hui-Ju eYang1Yasushi eHiraoka2Yasushi eHiraoka3Tokuko eHaraguchi4Tokuko eHaraguchi5Osaka UniversityOsaka UniversityNational Institute of Information and Communications TechnologyOsaka UniversityNational Institute of Information and Communications TechnologyOsaka UniversityRan, a small GTPase, is required for the spindle formation and nuclear envelope (NE) formation. After NE breakdown (NEBD) during mitosis in metazoan cells, the Ran-GTP gradient across the NE is lost and Ran-GTP becomes concentrated around chromatin, thus affecting the stability of microtubules and promoting the assembly of spindle microtubules and segregation of chromosomes. Mitosis in which chromosomes are segregated subsequent to NEBD is called open mitosis. In contrast, many fungi undergo a process termed closed mitosis in which chromosome segregation and spindle formation occur without NEBD. Although the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe undergoes a closed mitosis, it exhibits a short period during meiosis (anaphase of the second meiosis; called anaphase II) when nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins are mixed in the presence of intact NE and nuclear pore complexes (NPC). This virtual nuclear envelope breakdown (vNEBD) involves changes in the localization of RanGAP1, an activator of Ran-GTP hydrolysis. Recently, Nup132, a component of the structural core Nup107-160 subcomplex of the NPC, has been shown to be involved in the maintenance of the nuclear cytoplasmic barrier in yeast meiosis. In this review, we highlight the possible roles of RanGAP1 and Nup132 in vNEBD and discuss the biological significance of vNEBD in S. pombe meiosis.http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fcell.2016.00005/fullMeiosisfission yeastNuclear envelope breakdownClosed mitosisRanGAP1Nup132 |
| spellingShingle | Haruhiko eAsakawa Hui-Ju eYang Yasushi eHiraoka Yasushi eHiraoka Tokuko eHaraguchi Tokuko eHaraguchi Virtual nuclear envelope breakdown and its regulators in fission yeast meiosis Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology Meiosis fission yeast Nuclear envelope breakdown Closed mitosis RanGAP1 Nup132 |
| title | Virtual nuclear envelope breakdown and its regulators in fission yeast meiosis |
| title_full | Virtual nuclear envelope breakdown and its regulators in fission yeast meiosis |
| title_fullStr | Virtual nuclear envelope breakdown and its regulators in fission yeast meiosis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Virtual nuclear envelope breakdown and its regulators in fission yeast meiosis |
| title_short | Virtual nuclear envelope breakdown and its regulators in fission yeast meiosis |
| title_sort | virtual nuclear envelope breakdown and its regulators in fission yeast meiosis |
| topic | Meiosis fission yeast Nuclear envelope breakdown Closed mitosis RanGAP1 Nup132 |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fcell.2016.00005/full |
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