The diverse functions of FAT1 in cancer progression: good, bad, or ugly?
Abstract FAT atypical cadherin 1 (FAT1) is among the most frequently mutated genes in many types of cancer. Its highest mutation rate is found in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), in which FAT1 is the second most frequently mutated gene. Thus, FAT1 has great potential to serve as a targ...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2022-08-01
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| Series: | Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13046-022-02461-8 |
| _version_ | 1798039007338168320 |
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| author | Zhuo Georgia Chen Nabil F. Saba Yong Teng |
| author_facet | Zhuo Georgia Chen Nabil F. Saba Yong Teng |
| author_sort | Zhuo Georgia Chen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract FAT atypical cadherin 1 (FAT1) is among the most frequently mutated genes in many types of cancer. Its highest mutation rate is found in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), in which FAT1 is the second most frequently mutated gene. Thus, FAT1 has great potential to serve as a target or prognostic biomarker in cancer treatment. FAT1 encodes a member of the cadherin-like protein family. Under normal physiological conditions, FAT1 serves as a molecular “brake” on mitochondrial respiration and acts as a receptor for a signaling pathway regulating cell–cell contact interaction and planar cell polarity. In many cancers, loss of FAT1 function promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and the formation of cancer initiation/stem-like cells. However, in some types of cancer, overexpression of FAT1 leads to EMT. The roles of FAT1 in cancer progression, which seems to be cancer-type specific, have not been clarified. To further study the function of FAT1 in cancers, this review summarizes recent relevant literature regarding this protein. In addition to phenotypic alterations due to FAT1 mutations, several signaling pathways and tumor immune systems known or proposed to be regulated by this protein are presented. The potential impact of detecting or targeting FAT1 mutations on cancer treatment is also prospectively discussed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T21:48:00Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b21774db070240a0b4d7c0c62b492bc5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1756-9966 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T21:48:00Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-b21774db070240a0b4d7c0c62b492bc52022-12-22T04:01:22ZengBMCJournal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research1756-99662022-08-0141111110.1186/s13046-022-02461-8The diverse functions of FAT1 in cancer progression: good, bad, or ugly?Zhuo Georgia Chen0Nabil F. Saba1Yong Teng2Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of MedicineDepartment of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of MedicineDepartment of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of MedicineAbstract FAT atypical cadherin 1 (FAT1) is among the most frequently mutated genes in many types of cancer. Its highest mutation rate is found in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), in which FAT1 is the second most frequently mutated gene. Thus, FAT1 has great potential to serve as a target or prognostic biomarker in cancer treatment. FAT1 encodes a member of the cadherin-like protein family. Under normal physiological conditions, FAT1 serves as a molecular “brake” on mitochondrial respiration and acts as a receptor for a signaling pathway regulating cell–cell contact interaction and planar cell polarity. In many cancers, loss of FAT1 function promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and the formation of cancer initiation/stem-like cells. However, in some types of cancer, overexpression of FAT1 leads to EMT. The roles of FAT1 in cancer progression, which seems to be cancer-type specific, have not been clarified. To further study the function of FAT1 in cancers, this review summarizes recent relevant literature regarding this protein. In addition to phenotypic alterations due to FAT1 mutations, several signaling pathways and tumor immune systems known or proposed to be regulated by this protein are presented. The potential impact of detecting or targeting FAT1 mutations on cancer treatment is also prospectively discussed.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13046-022-02461-8FAT1Cancer progressionGene mutationsSignaling regulatory networkTargeted treatment |
| spellingShingle | Zhuo Georgia Chen Nabil F. Saba Yong Teng The diverse functions of FAT1 in cancer progression: good, bad, or ugly? Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research FAT1 Cancer progression Gene mutations Signaling regulatory network Targeted treatment |
| title | The diverse functions of FAT1 in cancer progression: good, bad, or ugly? |
| title_full | The diverse functions of FAT1 in cancer progression: good, bad, or ugly? |
| title_fullStr | The diverse functions of FAT1 in cancer progression: good, bad, or ugly? |
| title_full_unstemmed | The diverse functions of FAT1 in cancer progression: good, bad, or ugly? |
| title_short | The diverse functions of FAT1 in cancer progression: good, bad, or ugly? |
| title_sort | diverse functions of fat1 in cancer progression good bad or ugly |
| topic | FAT1 Cancer progression Gene mutations Signaling regulatory network Targeted treatment |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13046-022-02461-8 |
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