Comparison of methods for determination of the toxigenic potential of Aspergillus parasiticus sp. and Aspergillus flavus L. isolated from maize
Maize is considered one of the most susceptible crops to mycotoxins worldwide. Compared to other mycotoxins, the greatest attention has been paid to aflatoxins, due to their potential carcinogenicity and due to significant and longstanding problems they can cause in humans and animals. A...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Matica srpska
2017-01-01
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| Series: | Zbornik Matice Srpske za Prirodne Nauke |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.doiserbia.nb.rs/img/doi/0352-4906/2017/0352-49061733095N.pdf |
| Summary: | Maize is considered one of the most susceptible crops to mycotoxins
worldwide. Compared to other mycotoxins, the greatest attention has been
paid to aflatoxins, due to their potential carcinogenicity and due to
significant and longstanding problems they can cause in humans and animals.
A. flavus and A. parasiticus produce aflatoxins in many economically
significant crops in both fields and storages. Because of the potential
aflatoxin contamination of maize grain, the toxigenic potential of A. flavus
and A. parasiticus isolates, originating from Serbia, was tested in the
present study. Furthermore, various applied methods for detection of these
mycotoxins were compared in the study. Cultural, serological and analytical
methods for the detection of mycotoxins were compared in the course of the
experiment by the direct extraction of aflatoxins from the nutrient medium.
The cultural methods for the detection of aflatoxin production were applied
to 20 isolates of A. flavus (MRIZP Af18-20) and A. parasiticus (MRIZP
Ap1-17). These methods are based on the yellow pigment formation in mycelia
and nutrition media, occurrence of fluorescence on PDA (potato dextrose
agar), agar containing β-cyclodextrine (CD-PDA), as well as on the red
pigment formation after adding ammonium hydroxide to the existing medium.
The ELISA was used to check quantitative and qualitative analyses of total
aflatoxins (B1, B2, G1, G2) while the HPLC method was applied to establish
ability of isolates to synthesize aflatoxins B1, B2, G1, G2. The yellow
pigment formation, fluorescence and colony color changes of isolates into
red, as a proof of toxigenicity of isolates, were confirmed in all cases by
ELISA. A high potential of total aflatoxin production was determined in the
majority of observed isolates. The ability of A. parasiticus isolates to
synthesize aflatoxins G1 and G2 was confirmed by the HPLC method. This was
essential for a better understanding of the key role of the suitability of
cultural methods for preliminary evaluation of a large number of isolates.
Our goal was to employ rapid biochemical approaches to prevent aflatoxin
contamination of crops, and to reduce human and animal exposure to foodborne
mycotoxins. |
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| ISSN: | 0352-4906 2406-0828 |