Study of the Phenolic Compound Profile of <i>Arbutus unedo</i> L. Fruits at Different Ripening Stages by HPLC-TQ-MS/MS
<i>Arbutus unedo</i> L. berries have traditionally been used as edible and medicinal fruits in folk medicine for the treatment of some pathologies. Besides their good nutritional properties, these berries are rich in bioactive compounds. Accordingly, a HPLC-triple quadrupole (TQ)-MS/MS m...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-12-01
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| Series: | Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/24/11616 |
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| author | Sergio Izcara Sonia Morante-Zarcero Natalia Casado Isabel Sierra |
| author_facet | Sergio Izcara Sonia Morante-Zarcero Natalia Casado Isabel Sierra |
| author_sort | Sergio Izcara |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Arbutus unedo</i> L. berries have traditionally been used as edible and medicinal fruits in folk medicine for the treatment of some pathologies. Besides their good nutritional properties, these berries are rich in bioactive compounds. Accordingly, a HPLC-triple quadrupole (TQ)-MS/MS method was developed and validated for the first time to characterize the changes produced in the phenolic composition profile of <i>A. unedo</i> L. fruits through three ripening stages. Several hydroxycinnamic and hydroxybenzoic acids were detected, gallic acid being the highest phenolic acid quantified. Quercetin, quercetin-3-β-glucoside, rutin, and kaempferol were found in similar amounts at the different maturity stages. High amounts of (+)-catechin, procyanidin B2, epigallocatechin, and (−)-epigallocatechin gallate were observed in the unripe fruits. Naringin and vitexin were also quantified. Stilbenes, such as <i>trans</i>-resveratrol and <i>trans</i>-piceid, were identified for the first time in these fruits. Total phenolic compounds, total anthocyanin compounds, and radical scavenging activity were also determined in the fruits harvested at different years in several locations of the Iberian Peninsula at different ripening stages. The results confirmed that these fruits are an excellent source of these bioactive compounds (mainly flavanols) with high antioxidant activity, which could be used as a new source for preparation of nutraceutical or functional foods. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T04:37:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b3ea322a4da442baa9fd47721369f3ba |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T04:37:54Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-b3ea322a4da442baa9fd47721369f3ba2023-11-23T03:35:39ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172021-12-0111241161610.3390/app112411616Study of the Phenolic Compound Profile of <i>Arbutus unedo</i> L. Fruits at Different Ripening Stages by HPLC-TQ-MS/MSSergio Izcara0Sonia Morante-Zarcero1Natalia Casado2Isabel Sierra3Department of Chemical and Environmental Technology, E.S.C.E.T, Rey Juan Carlos University, C/Tulipán s/n, 28933 Móstoles, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Chemical and Environmental Technology, E.S.C.E.T, Rey Juan Carlos University, C/Tulipán s/n, 28933 Móstoles, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Chemical and Environmental Technology, E.S.C.E.T, Rey Juan Carlos University, C/Tulipán s/n, 28933 Móstoles, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Chemical and Environmental Technology, E.S.C.E.T, Rey Juan Carlos University, C/Tulipán s/n, 28933 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain<i>Arbutus unedo</i> L. berries have traditionally been used as edible and medicinal fruits in folk medicine for the treatment of some pathologies. Besides their good nutritional properties, these berries are rich in bioactive compounds. Accordingly, a HPLC-triple quadrupole (TQ)-MS/MS method was developed and validated for the first time to characterize the changes produced in the phenolic composition profile of <i>A. unedo</i> L. fruits through three ripening stages. Several hydroxycinnamic and hydroxybenzoic acids were detected, gallic acid being the highest phenolic acid quantified. Quercetin, quercetin-3-β-glucoside, rutin, and kaempferol were found in similar amounts at the different maturity stages. High amounts of (+)-catechin, procyanidin B2, epigallocatechin, and (−)-epigallocatechin gallate were observed in the unripe fruits. Naringin and vitexin were also quantified. Stilbenes, such as <i>trans</i>-resveratrol and <i>trans</i>-piceid, were identified for the first time in these fruits. Total phenolic compounds, total anthocyanin compounds, and radical scavenging activity were also determined in the fruits harvested at different years in several locations of the Iberian Peninsula at different ripening stages. The results confirmed that these fruits are an excellent source of these bioactive compounds (mainly flavanols) with high antioxidant activity, which could be used as a new source for preparation of nutraceutical or functional foods.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/24/11616strawberry tree fruitphenolic compoundsripening stagesHPLC-TQ-MS/MS analysisantioxidant activitytotal anthocyanin |
| spellingShingle | Sergio Izcara Sonia Morante-Zarcero Natalia Casado Isabel Sierra Study of the Phenolic Compound Profile of <i>Arbutus unedo</i> L. Fruits at Different Ripening Stages by HPLC-TQ-MS/MS Applied Sciences strawberry tree fruit phenolic compounds ripening stages HPLC-TQ-MS/MS analysis antioxidant activity total anthocyanin |
| title | Study of the Phenolic Compound Profile of <i>Arbutus unedo</i> L. Fruits at Different Ripening Stages by HPLC-TQ-MS/MS |
| title_full | Study of the Phenolic Compound Profile of <i>Arbutus unedo</i> L. Fruits at Different Ripening Stages by HPLC-TQ-MS/MS |
| title_fullStr | Study of the Phenolic Compound Profile of <i>Arbutus unedo</i> L. Fruits at Different Ripening Stages by HPLC-TQ-MS/MS |
| title_full_unstemmed | Study of the Phenolic Compound Profile of <i>Arbutus unedo</i> L. Fruits at Different Ripening Stages by HPLC-TQ-MS/MS |
| title_short | Study of the Phenolic Compound Profile of <i>Arbutus unedo</i> L. Fruits at Different Ripening Stages by HPLC-TQ-MS/MS |
| title_sort | study of the phenolic compound profile of i arbutus unedo i l fruits at different ripening stages by hplc tq ms ms |
| topic | strawberry tree fruit phenolic compounds ripening stages HPLC-TQ-MS/MS analysis antioxidant activity total anthocyanin |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/24/11616 |
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