Gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O) Scaling on Polybenzimidazole and Cellulose Acetate Hollow Fiber Membranes under Forward Osmosis
We have examined the gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O) scaling phenomena on membranes with different physicochemical properties in forward osmosis (FO) processes. Three hollow fiber membranes made of (1) cellulose acetate (CA), (2) polybenzimidazole (PBI)/polyethersulfone (PES) and (3) PBI-polyhedral oligomeric s...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2013-11-01
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| Series: | Membranes |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/3/4/354 |
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| author | Tai-Shung Chung Feng-Jiang Fu Si Cong Chen Jincai Su Baoxia Mi |
| author_facet | Tai-Shung Chung Feng-Jiang Fu Si Cong Chen Jincai Su Baoxia Mi |
| author_sort | Tai-Shung Chung |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We have examined the gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O) scaling phenomena on membranes with different physicochemical properties in forward osmosis (FO) processes. Three hollow fiber membranes made of (1) cellulose acetate (CA), (2) polybenzimidazole (PBI)/polyethersulfone (PES) and (3) PBI-polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS)/polyacrylonitrile (PAN) were studied. For the first time in FO processes, we have found that surface ionic interactions dominate gypsum scaling on the membrane surface. A 70% flux reduction was observed on negatively charged CA and PBI membrane surfaces, due to strong attractive forces. The PBI membrane surface also showed a slightly positive charge at a low pH value of 3 and exhibited a 30% flux reduction. The atomic force microscopy (AFM) force measurements confirmed a strong repulsive force between gypsum and PBI at a pH value of 3. The newly developed PBI-POSS/PAN membrane had ridge morphology and a contact angle of 51.42° ± 14.85° after the addition of hydrophilic POSS nanoparticles and 3 min thermal treatment at 95 °C. Minimal scaling and an only 1.3% flux reduction were observed at a pH value of 3. Such a ridge structure may reduce scaling by not providing a locally flat surface to the crystallite at a pH value of 3; thus, gypsum would be easily washed away from the surface. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T10:37:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b52a0b54cdd347f393bfb8ef729383c2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0375 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T10:37:57Z |
| publishDate | 2013-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Membranes |
| spelling | doaj.art-b52a0b54cdd347f393bfb8ef729383c22023-09-02T08:28:21ZengMDPI AGMembranes2077-03752013-11-013435437410.3390/membranes3040354Gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O) Scaling on Polybenzimidazole and Cellulose Acetate Hollow Fiber Membranes under Forward OsmosisTai-Shung ChungFeng-Jiang FuSi Cong ChenJincai SuBaoxia MiWe have examined the gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O) scaling phenomena on membranes with different physicochemical properties in forward osmosis (FO) processes. Three hollow fiber membranes made of (1) cellulose acetate (CA), (2) polybenzimidazole (PBI)/polyethersulfone (PES) and (3) PBI-polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS)/polyacrylonitrile (PAN) were studied. For the first time in FO processes, we have found that surface ionic interactions dominate gypsum scaling on the membrane surface. A 70% flux reduction was observed on negatively charged CA and PBI membrane surfaces, due to strong attractive forces. The PBI membrane surface also showed a slightly positive charge at a low pH value of 3 and exhibited a 30% flux reduction. The atomic force microscopy (AFM) force measurements confirmed a strong repulsive force between gypsum and PBI at a pH value of 3. The newly developed PBI-POSS/PAN membrane had ridge morphology and a contact angle of 51.42° ± 14.85° after the addition of hydrophilic POSS nanoparticles and 3 min thermal treatment at 95 °C. Minimal scaling and an only 1.3% flux reduction were observed at a pH value of 3. Such a ridge structure may reduce scaling by not providing a locally flat surface to the crystallite at a pH value of 3; thus, gypsum would be easily washed away from the surface.http://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/3/4/354forward osmosisfoulinggypsum scalingpolybenzimidazolepolyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanecellulose acetate |
| spellingShingle | Tai-Shung Chung Feng-Jiang Fu Si Cong Chen Jincai Su Baoxia Mi Gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O) Scaling on Polybenzimidazole and Cellulose Acetate Hollow Fiber Membranes under Forward Osmosis Membranes forward osmosis fouling gypsum scaling polybenzimidazole polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane cellulose acetate |
| title | Gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O) Scaling on Polybenzimidazole and Cellulose Acetate Hollow Fiber Membranes under Forward Osmosis |
| title_full | Gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O) Scaling on Polybenzimidazole and Cellulose Acetate Hollow Fiber Membranes under Forward Osmosis |
| title_fullStr | Gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O) Scaling on Polybenzimidazole and Cellulose Acetate Hollow Fiber Membranes under Forward Osmosis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O) Scaling on Polybenzimidazole and Cellulose Acetate Hollow Fiber Membranes under Forward Osmosis |
| title_short | Gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O) Scaling on Polybenzimidazole and Cellulose Acetate Hollow Fiber Membranes under Forward Osmosis |
| title_sort | gypsum caso4·2h2o scaling on polybenzimidazole and cellulose acetate hollow fiber membranes under forward osmosis |
| topic | forward osmosis fouling gypsum scaling polybenzimidazole polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane cellulose acetate |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/3/4/354 |
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