The Effect of Altitude on Phenolic, Antioxidant and Fatty Acid Compositions of Some Turkish Hazelnut (<i>Coryllus avellana</i> L.) Cultivars
Turkey is the leading producer and exporter of hazelnuts, producing approximately 64% of global hazelnut production. This research investigated the effects of cultivars and altitude on the phenolic, antioxidant, and fatty acid compositions of five hazelnut cultivars grown at three different altitude...
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MDPI AG
2023-06-01
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| author | Ersin Gülsoy Elif Duygu Kaya Ayşe Türkhan Menekşe Bulut Mubin Koyuncu Emrah Güler Figen Sayın Ferhad Muradoğlu |
| author_facet | Ersin Gülsoy Elif Duygu Kaya Ayşe Türkhan Menekşe Bulut Mubin Koyuncu Emrah Güler Figen Sayın Ferhad Muradoğlu |
| author_sort | Ersin Gülsoy |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Turkey is the leading producer and exporter of hazelnuts, producing approximately 64% of global hazelnut production. This research investigated the effects of cultivars and altitude on the phenolic, antioxidant, and fatty acid compositions of five hazelnut cultivars grown at three different altitudes, 100 m, 350 m, and 800 m, in Ordu province, one of the territories that produce the most hazelnuts. The results showed that the cultivar and location significantly affected phenolic compounds, antioxidant activity, and fatty acid (FA) content. The lowest (2.30 mg/kg-Yağlı) and highest (21.11 mg/kg-Kara) gallic acids were obtained at 100 m. The highest total phenolic content and antioxidant activity were found in the nuts grown at 350 m in the Kara and Palaz cultivars, at 100 m in the Yağlı and Sivri cultivars, and at 800 m in the Çakıldak cultivar. Oleic acid was the predominant FA in the cultivars and possessed a diverse trend according to the altitude and cultivar, ranging from 76.04% to 84.80%, increasing with altitude in all cultivars except Çakıldak. Palmitic acid was the predominant saturated FA followed by stearic acid, which significantly varied according to the elevations. This study suggests that the responses of hazelnuts to altitude depend on the cultivar; hence, a proper approach to producing nuts containing more phenolic, fatty acids, and antioxidant activity includes choosing a suitable cultivar for a specific elevation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:34:30Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b56f9d0ee8884a118818f1a697398b34 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:34:30Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-b56f9d0ee8884a118818f1a697398b342023-11-18T17:07:41ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492023-06-012813506710.3390/molecules28135067The Effect of Altitude on Phenolic, Antioxidant and Fatty Acid Compositions of Some Turkish Hazelnut (<i>Coryllus avellana</i> L.) CultivarsErsin Gülsoy0Elif Duygu Kaya1Ayşe Türkhan2Menekşe Bulut3Mubin Koyuncu4Emrah Güler5Figen Sayın6Ferhad Muradoğlu7Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Igdir University, Igdir 76000, TurkeyDepartment of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Igdir University, Igdir 76000, TurkeyDepartment of Chemistry and Chemical Processing Technologies, Igdir University, Igdir 76000, TurkeyDepartment of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Igdir University, Igdir 76000, TurkeyDepartment of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Igdir University, Igdir 76000, TurkeyDepartment of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu 14030, TurkeyDepartment of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Igdir University, Igdir 76000, TurkeyDepartment of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu 14030, TurkeyTurkey is the leading producer and exporter of hazelnuts, producing approximately 64% of global hazelnut production. This research investigated the effects of cultivars and altitude on the phenolic, antioxidant, and fatty acid compositions of five hazelnut cultivars grown at three different altitudes, 100 m, 350 m, and 800 m, in Ordu province, one of the territories that produce the most hazelnuts. The results showed that the cultivar and location significantly affected phenolic compounds, antioxidant activity, and fatty acid (FA) content. The lowest (2.30 mg/kg-Yağlı) and highest (21.11 mg/kg-Kara) gallic acids were obtained at 100 m. The highest total phenolic content and antioxidant activity were found in the nuts grown at 350 m in the Kara and Palaz cultivars, at 100 m in the Yağlı and Sivri cultivars, and at 800 m in the Çakıldak cultivar. Oleic acid was the predominant FA in the cultivars and possessed a diverse trend according to the altitude and cultivar, ranging from 76.04% to 84.80%, increasing with altitude in all cultivars except Çakıldak. Palmitic acid was the predominant saturated FA followed by stearic acid, which significantly varied according to the elevations. This study suggests that the responses of hazelnuts to altitude depend on the cultivar; hence, a proper approach to producing nuts containing more phenolic, fatty acids, and antioxidant activity includes choosing a suitable cultivar for a specific elevation.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/13/5067SFAMUFAPUFADPPHABTSoleic acid |
| spellingShingle | Ersin Gülsoy Elif Duygu Kaya Ayşe Türkhan Menekşe Bulut Mubin Koyuncu Emrah Güler Figen Sayın Ferhad Muradoğlu The Effect of Altitude on Phenolic, Antioxidant and Fatty Acid Compositions of Some Turkish Hazelnut (<i>Coryllus avellana</i> L.) Cultivars Molecules SFA MUFA PUFA DPPH ABTS oleic acid |
| title | The Effect of Altitude on Phenolic, Antioxidant and Fatty Acid Compositions of Some Turkish Hazelnut (<i>Coryllus avellana</i> L.) Cultivars |
| title_full | The Effect of Altitude on Phenolic, Antioxidant and Fatty Acid Compositions of Some Turkish Hazelnut (<i>Coryllus avellana</i> L.) Cultivars |
| title_fullStr | The Effect of Altitude on Phenolic, Antioxidant and Fatty Acid Compositions of Some Turkish Hazelnut (<i>Coryllus avellana</i> L.) Cultivars |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Effect of Altitude on Phenolic, Antioxidant and Fatty Acid Compositions of Some Turkish Hazelnut (<i>Coryllus avellana</i> L.) Cultivars |
| title_short | The Effect of Altitude on Phenolic, Antioxidant and Fatty Acid Compositions of Some Turkish Hazelnut (<i>Coryllus avellana</i> L.) Cultivars |
| title_sort | effect of altitude on phenolic antioxidant and fatty acid compositions of some turkish hazelnut i coryllus avellana i l cultivars |
| topic | SFA MUFA PUFA DPPH ABTS oleic acid |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/13/5067 |
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