The Contribution of Large Recurrent Sunspot Groups to Solar Activity: Empirical Evidence

We identify large sunspot nestlets (SN) mostly containing recurrent sunspot groups and investigate the indices of solar activity defined as the 11- or 22-year moving average of the daily areas of the SN. These nestlets, 667 in total, are constructed from the daily 1874–2020 RGO/SOON catalogue, which...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Alexander Shapoval
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2022-03-01
Series:Universe
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1997/8/3/180