Characterizing Complex Deformation, Damage, and Fracture in Heterogeneous Shale Using 3D-DIC
Safe drilling and effective fracturing are constant challenges for shale formations. One of the most important influencing factors is the accurate characterization of the deformation and damage caused by inherent lamination and natural fractures. Furthermore, shale formations exhibit fine-scale hete...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Energies |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/6/2776 |