Pre-therapeutic lymphocytopenia: a new prognostic factor for failure of endovesical BCG-immunotherapy in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer
Abstract Background Inflammation plays a key role in the initiation and development of cancers. The prognostic value of inflammation biomarkers is proven in several urological and non-urological cancers. Knowing that the mechanism of action of endovesical BCG-immunotherapy in the treatment of non-mu...
Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
SpringerOpen
2023-03-01
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Series: | African Journal of Urology |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12301-023-00348-4 |