Vitamin B12-Induced Autophagy Alleviates High Glucose-Mediated Apoptosis of Islet β Cells
High glucose levels can lead to the apoptosis of islet β cells, while autophagy can provide cytoprotection and promote autophagic cell death. Vitamin B12, a water-soluble B vitamin, has been shown to regulate insulin secretion and increase insulin sensitivity. However, the precise mechanism of actio...
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MDPI AG
2023-10-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/20/15217 |
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| author | Yu Zhang Ling Chu Xi’an Zhou Tingxia Xu Qingwu Shen Tao Li Yanyang Wu |
| author_facet | Yu Zhang Ling Chu Xi’an Zhou Tingxia Xu Qingwu Shen Tao Li Yanyang Wu |
| author_sort | Yu Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | High glucose levels can lead to the apoptosis of islet β cells, while autophagy can provide cytoprotection and promote autophagic cell death. Vitamin B12, a water-soluble B vitamin, has been shown to regulate insulin secretion and increase insulin sensitivity. However, the precise mechanism of action remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the influence of vitamin B12 on high glucose-induced apoptosis and autophagy in RIN-m5F cells to elucidate how vitamin B12 modulates insulin release. Our results demonstrate that exposure to 45 mM glucose led to a significant increase in the apoptosis rate of RIN-m5F cells. The treatment with vitamin B12 reduced the apoptosis rate and increased the number of autophagosomes. Moreover, vitamin B12 increased the ratio of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta to microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 alpha (LC3-II/LC3-I), while decreasing the amount of sequestosome 1 (p62) and inhibiting the phosphorylation of p70 ribosomal protein S6 kinase (p70S6K) under both normal- and high-glucose conditions. The additional experiments revealed that vitamin B12 inhibited high glucose-induced apoptosis. Notably, this protective effect was attenuated when the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine was introduced. Our findings suggest that vitamin B12 protects islet β cells against apoptosis induced by high glucose levels, possibly by inducing autophagy. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T21:12:05Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b6bef4d240ef4803820d89c614764972 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T21:12:05Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
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| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-b6bef4d240ef4803820d89c6147649722023-11-19T16:43:28ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672023-10-0124201521710.3390/ijms242015217Vitamin B12-Induced Autophagy Alleviates High Glucose-Mediated Apoptosis of Islet β CellsYu Zhang0Ling Chu1Xi’an Zhou2Tingxia Xu3Qingwu Shen4Tao Li5Yanyang Wu6Key Laboratory for Food Science and Biotechnology of Hunan Province, College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, ChinaKey Laboratory for Food Science and Biotechnology of Hunan Province, College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, ChinaKey Laboratory for Food Science and Biotechnology of Hunan Province, College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, ChinaKey Laboratory for Food Science and Biotechnology of Hunan Province, College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, ChinaKey Laboratory for Food Science and Biotechnology of Hunan Province, College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, ChinaHunan Agricultural Product Processing Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, ChinaKey Laboratory for Food Science and Biotechnology of Hunan Province, College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, ChinaHigh glucose levels can lead to the apoptosis of islet β cells, while autophagy can provide cytoprotection and promote autophagic cell death. Vitamin B12, a water-soluble B vitamin, has been shown to regulate insulin secretion and increase insulin sensitivity. However, the precise mechanism of action remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the influence of vitamin B12 on high glucose-induced apoptosis and autophagy in RIN-m5F cells to elucidate how vitamin B12 modulates insulin release. Our results demonstrate that exposure to 45 mM glucose led to a significant increase in the apoptosis rate of RIN-m5F cells. The treatment with vitamin B12 reduced the apoptosis rate and increased the number of autophagosomes. Moreover, vitamin B12 increased the ratio of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta to microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 alpha (LC3-II/LC3-I), while decreasing the amount of sequestosome 1 (p62) and inhibiting the phosphorylation of p70 ribosomal protein S6 kinase (p70S6K) under both normal- and high-glucose conditions. The additional experiments revealed that vitamin B12 inhibited high glucose-induced apoptosis. Notably, this protective effect was attenuated when the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine was introduced. Our findings suggest that vitamin B12 protects islet β cells against apoptosis induced by high glucose levels, possibly by inducing autophagy.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/20/15217apoptosisautophagydiabeteshigh glucosevitamin B12 |
| spellingShingle | Yu Zhang Ling Chu Xi’an Zhou Tingxia Xu Qingwu Shen Tao Li Yanyang Wu Vitamin B12-Induced Autophagy Alleviates High Glucose-Mediated Apoptosis of Islet β Cells International Journal of Molecular Sciences apoptosis autophagy diabetes high glucose vitamin B12 |
| title | Vitamin B12-Induced Autophagy Alleviates High Glucose-Mediated Apoptosis of Islet β Cells |
| title_full | Vitamin B12-Induced Autophagy Alleviates High Glucose-Mediated Apoptosis of Islet β Cells |
| title_fullStr | Vitamin B12-Induced Autophagy Alleviates High Glucose-Mediated Apoptosis of Islet β Cells |
| title_full_unstemmed | Vitamin B12-Induced Autophagy Alleviates High Glucose-Mediated Apoptosis of Islet β Cells |
| title_short | Vitamin B12-Induced Autophagy Alleviates High Glucose-Mediated Apoptosis of Islet β Cells |
| title_sort | vitamin b12 induced autophagy alleviates high glucose mediated apoptosis of islet β cells |
| topic | apoptosis autophagy diabetes high glucose vitamin B12 |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/20/15217 |
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