Characterization of Longitudinal Testosterone, Cortisol, and Musth in Male Asian Elephants (<i>Elephas maximus</i>), Effects of Aging, and Adrenal Responses to Social Changes and Health Events

Characterization of Longitudinal Testosterone, Cortisol, and Musth in Male Asian Elephants (<i>Elephas maximus</i>), Effects of Aging, and Adrenal Responses to Social Changes and Health Events

The conservation of endangered species and sustainability of managed populations requires considerations to ensure the health and welfare of individuals. Male elephants experience a biological phenomenon called “musth”, which is characterized by increased testosterone production, temporal gland secr...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Sharon S. Glaeser, Katie L. Edwards, Stephen Paris, Candace Scarlata, Bob Lee, Nadja Wielebnowski, Shawn Finnell, Chaleamchat Somgird, Janine L. Brown
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2022-05-01
Series:Animals
Subjects:
elephant
musth
testosterone
cortisol
glucocorticoids
adrenal activity
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/10/1332

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