Evaluation of licorice (<em>Glycyrrhiza glabra</em> L.) as a novel microgreen from the anti-inflammatory potential of polyphenols
Literature on microgreens, an emerging new functional food crop, remains limited. Further study on microgreens as a promising dietary component for potential use in diet-based disease prevention is, therefore, essential. Given that the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties of mature licorice...
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AIMS Press
2021-01-01
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| Series: | AIMS Agriculture and Food |
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| Online Access: | http://www.aimspress.com/article/doi/10.3934/agrfood.2021001?viewType=HTML |
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| author | Ilaria Marotti Francesca Truzzi Camilla Tibaldi Lorenzo Negri Giovanni Dinelli |
| author_facet | Ilaria Marotti Francesca Truzzi Camilla Tibaldi Lorenzo Negri Giovanni Dinelli |
| author_sort | Ilaria Marotti |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Literature on microgreens, an emerging new functional food crop, remains limited. Further study on microgreens as a promising dietary component for potential use in diet-based disease prevention is, therefore, essential. Given that the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties of mature licorice root material are well-documented, the objective of the present, preliminary study was to present licorice (<em>Glycyrrhiza glabra</em> L.) as a novel, edible fresh-food microgreen candidate. The effect of leaf, stem and root polyphenol extracts of 20-day old licorice microgreen seedlings on cell proliferation and viability of Caco-2 cells (simulating the intestinal epithelium), after pro-inflammatory induction of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), was examined and then compared to the polyphenol, flavonoid and anti-radical activities of the respective tissue extracts. Root extracts contained a two-fold less polyphenol (including flavonoid) content compared to leaf extracts, but with a five-fold lower anti-radical scavenging activity. Only the root extracts provided functional protection in terms of preserving cell proliferation and viability of LPS-treated Caco-2 cells. Some protection was also afforded by the stems, but the young leaf material offered no anti-inflammatory protection. Results point to a differing composition of anti-inflammatory polyphenols between the root and leaf, suggesting that the protective efficacy of the root extracts (and to some degree, the stem extracts) resides in inhibiting the pro-inflammatory cascade and resultant cytotoxic effects as opposed to a direct anti-radical scavenging activity. Potential use of licorice as a microgreen is promising, but will necessitate further study. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-14T07:05:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b732cb5de1894392a8acbcc5031328cb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2471-2086 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-14T07:05:02Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | AIMS Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | AIMS Agriculture and Food |
| spelling | doaj.art-b732cb5de1894392a8acbcc5031328cb2022-12-22T02:06:36ZengAIMS PressAIMS Agriculture and Food2471-20862021-01-016111310.3934/agrfood.2021001Evaluation of licorice (<em>Glycyrrhiza glabra</em> L.) as a novel microgreen from the anti-inflammatory potential of polyphenolsIlaria Marotti 0Francesca Truzzi 1Camilla Tibaldi2Lorenzo Negri3Giovanni Dinelli4Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, viale Fanin, 44-40127 Bologna, ItalyDepartment of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, viale Fanin, 44-40127 Bologna, ItalyDepartment of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, viale Fanin, 44-40127 Bologna, ItalyDepartment of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, viale Fanin, 44-40127 Bologna, ItalyDepartment of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, viale Fanin, 44-40127 Bologna, ItalyLiterature on microgreens, an emerging new functional food crop, remains limited. Further study on microgreens as a promising dietary component for potential use in diet-based disease prevention is, therefore, essential. Given that the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties of mature licorice root material are well-documented, the objective of the present, preliminary study was to present licorice (<em>Glycyrrhiza glabra</em> L.) as a novel, edible fresh-food microgreen candidate. The effect of leaf, stem and root polyphenol extracts of 20-day old licorice microgreen seedlings on cell proliferation and viability of Caco-2 cells (simulating the intestinal epithelium), after pro-inflammatory induction of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), was examined and then compared to the polyphenol, flavonoid and anti-radical activities of the respective tissue extracts. Root extracts contained a two-fold less polyphenol (including flavonoid) content compared to leaf extracts, but with a five-fold lower anti-radical scavenging activity. Only the root extracts provided functional protection in terms of preserving cell proliferation and viability of LPS-treated Caco-2 cells. Some protection was also afforded by the stems, but the young leaf material offered no anti-inflammatory protection. Results point to a differing composition of anti-inflammatory polyphenols between the root and leaf, suggesting that the protective efficacy of the root extracts (and to some degree, the stem extracts) resides in inhibiting the pro-inflammatory cascade and resultant cytotoxic effects as opposed to a direct anti-radical scavenging activity. Potential use of licorice as a microgreen is promising, but will necessitate further study.http://www.aimspress.com/article/doi/10.3934/agrfood.2021001?viewType=HTMLglycyrrhiza glabra l.licoricemicrogreenpolyphenolsinflammationcaco-2 cellscell proliferation and viability |
| spellingShingle | Ilaria Marotti Francesca Truzzi Camilla Tibaldi Lorenzo Negri Giovanni Dinelli Evaluation of licorice (<em>Glycyrrhiza glabra</em> L.) as a novel microgreen from the anti-inflammatory potential of polyphenols AIMS Agriculture and Food glycyrrhiza glabra l. licorice microgreen polyphenols inflammation caco-2 cells cell proliferation and viability |
| title | Evaluation of licorice (<em>Glycyrrhiza glabra</em> L.) as a novel microgreen from the anti-inflammatory potential of polyphenols |
| title_full | Evaluation of licorice (<em>Glycyrrhiza glabra</em> L.) as a novel microgreen from the anti-inflammatory potential of polyphenols |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of licorice (<em>Glycyrrhiza glabra</em> L.) as a novel microgreen from the anti-inflammatory potential of polyphenols |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of licorice (<em>Glycyrrhiza glabra</em> L.) as a novel microgreen from the anti-inflammatory potential of polyphenols |
| title_short | Evaluation of licorice (<em>Glycyrrhiza glabra</em> L.) as a novel microgreen from the anti-inflammatory potential of polyphenols |
| title_sort | evaluation of licorice em glycyrrhiza glabra em l as a novel microgreen from the anti inflammatory potential of polyphenols |
| topic | glycyrrhiza glabra l. licorice microgreen polyphenols inflammation caco-2 cells cell proliferation and viability |
| url | http://www.aimspress.com/article/doi/10.3934/agrfood.2021001?viewType=HTML |
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