Senescent Kidney Cells in Hypertensive Patients Release Urinary Extracellular Vesicles
Background Hypertension may be associated with renal cellular injury. Cells in distress release extracellular vesicles (EVs), and their numbers in urine may reflect renal injury. Cellular senescence, an irreversible growth arrest in response to a noxious milieu, is characterized by release of proinf...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2019-06-01
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| Series: | Journal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/JAHA.119.012584 |
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| author | Adrian Santelli In O. Sun Alfonso Eirin Abdelrhman M. Abumoawad John R. Woollard Amir Lerman Stephen C. Textor Amrutesh S. Puranik Lilach O. Lerman |
| author_facet | Adrian Santelli In O. Sun Alfonso Eirin Abdelrhman M. Abumoawad John R. Woollard Amir Lerman Stephen C. Textor Amrutesh S. Puranik Lilach O. Lerman |
| author_sort | Adrian Santelli |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background Hypertension may be associated with renal cellular injury. Cells in distress release extracellular vesicles (EVs), and their numbers in urine may reflect renal injury. Cellular senescence, an irreversible growth arrest in response to a noxious milieu, is characterized by release of proinflammatory cytokines. We hypothesized that EVs released by senescent nephron cells can be identified in urine of patients with hypertension. Methods and Results We recruited patients with essential hypertension (EH) or renovascular hypertension and healthy volunteers (n=14 each). Renal oxygenation was assessed using magnetic resonance imaging and blood samples collected from both renal veins for cytokine‐level measurements. EVs isolated from urine samples were characterized by imaging flow cytometry based on specific markers, including p16 (senescence marker), calyxin (podocytes), urate transporter 1 (proximal tubules), uromodulin (ascending limb of Henle's loop), and prominin‐2 (distal tubules). Overall percentage of urinary p16+ EVs was elevated in EH and renovascular hypertension patients compared with healthy volunteers and correlated inversely with renal function and directly with renal vein cytokine levels. Urinary levels of p16+/urate transporter 1+ were elevated in all hypertensive subjects compared with healthy volunteers, whereas p16+/prominin‐2+ levels were elevated only in EH versus healthy volunteers and p16+/uromodulin+ in renovascular hypertension versus EH. Conclusions Levels of p16+ EVs are elevated in urine of hypertensive patients and may reflect increased proximal tubular cellular senescence. In EH, EVs originate also from distal tubules and in renovascular hypertension from Henle's loop. Hence, urinary EVs levels may be useful to identify intrarenal sites of cellular senescence. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T09:00:55Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b74fa03596b2481db9849560d6985c61 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2047-9980 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T09:00:55Z |
| publishDate | 2019-06-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease |
| spelling | doaj.art-b74fa03596b2481db9849560d6985c612022-12-21T23:53:10ZengWileyJournal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease2047-99802019-06-0181110.1161/JAHA.119.012584Senescent Kidney Cells in Hypertensive Patients Release Urinary Extracellular VesiclesAdrian Santelli0In O. Sun1Alfonso Eirin2Abdelrhman M. Abumoawad3John R. Woollard4Amir Lerman5Stephen C. Textor6Amrutesh S. Puranik7Lilach O. Lerman8Division of Nephrology and Hypertension Mayo Clinic Rochester MNDivision of Nephrology and Hypertension Mayo Clinic Rochester MNDivision of Nephrology and Hypertension Mayo Clinic Rochester MNDivision of Nephrology and Hypertension Mayo Clinic Rochester MNDivision of Nephrology and Hypertension Mayo Clinic Rochester MNDepartment of Cardiovascular Diseases Mayo Clinic Rochester MNDivision of Nephrology and Hypertension Mayo Clinic Rochester MNDivision of Nephrology and Hypertension Mayo Clinic Rochester MNDivision of Nephrology and Hypertension Mayo Clinic Rochester MNBackground Hypertension may be associated with renal cellular injury. Cells in distress release extracellular vesicles (EVs), and their numbers in urine may reflect renal injury. Cellular senescence, an irreversible growth arrest in response to a noxious milieu, is characterized by release of proinflammatory cytokines. We hypothesized that EVs released by senescent nephron cells can be identified in urine of patients with hypertension. Methods and Results We recruited patients with essential hypertension (EH) or renovascular hypertension and healthy volunteers (n=14 each). Renal oxygenation was assessed using magnetic resonance imaging and blood samples collected from both renal veins for cytokine‐level measurements. EVs isolated from urine samples were characterized by imaging flow cytometry based on specific markers, including p16 (senescence marker), calyxin (podocytes), urate transporter 1 (proximal tubules), uromodulin (ascending limb of Henle's loop), and prominin‐2 (distal tubules). Overall percentage of urinary p16+ EVs was elevated in EH and renovascular hypertension patients compared with healthy volunteers and correlated inversely with renal function and directly with renal vein cytokine levels. Urinary levels of p16+/urate transporter 1+ were elevated in all hypertensive subjects compared with healthy volunteers, whereas p16+/prominin‐2+ levels were elevated only in EH versus healthy volunteers and p16+/uromodulin+ in renovascular hypertension versus EH. Conclusions Levels of p16+ EVs are elevated in urine of hypertensive patients and may reflect increased proximal tubular cellular senescence. In EH, EVs originate also from distal tubules and in renovascular hypertension from Henle's loop. Hence, urinary EVs levels may be useful to identify intrarenal sites of cellular senescence.https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/JAHA.119.012584extracellular vesicleshypertensionrenal artery stenosisrenovascular hypertensionsenescence |
| spellingShingle | Adrian Santelli In O. Sun Alfonso Eirin Abdelrhman M. Abumoawad John R. Woollard Amir Lerman Stephen C. Textor Amrutesh S. Puranik Lilach O. Lerman Senescent Kidney Cells in Hypertensive Patients Release Urinary Extracellular Vesicles Journal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease extracellular vesicles hypertension renal artery stenosis renovascular hypertension senescence |
| title | Senescent Kidney Cells in Hypertensive Patients Release Urinary Extracellular Vesicles |
| title_full | Senescent Kidney Cells in Hypertensive Patients Release Urinary Extracellular Vesicles |
| title_fullStr | Senescent Kidney Cells in Hypertensive Patients Release Urinary Extracellular Vesicles |
| title_full_unstemmed | Senescent Kidney Cells in Hypertensive Patients Release Urinary Extracellular Vesicles |
| title_short | Senescent Kidney Cells in Hypertensive Patients Release Urinary Extracellular Vesicles |
| title_sort | senescent kidney cells in hypertensive patients release urinary extracellular vesicles |
| topic | extracellular vesicles hypertension renal artery stenosis renovascular hypertension senescence |
| url | https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/JAHA.119.012584 |
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