IgG Anti-Spike Antibodies and Surrogate Neutralizing Antibody Levels Decline Faster 3 to 10 Months After BNT162b2 Vaccination Than After SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Healthcare Workers
BackgroundIgG anti-spike (S) antibodies arise after SARS-CoV-2 infection as well as vaccination. Levels of IgG anti-S are linked to neutralizing antibody titers and protection against (re)infection.MethodsWe measured IgG anti-S and surrogate neutralizing antibody kinetics against Wild Type (WT) and...
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| Format: | Article |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2022.909910/full |
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| author | Bram Decru Jan Van Elslande Sophie Steels Gijs Van Pottelbergh Gijs Van Pottelbergh Lode Godderis Lode Godderis Lode Godderis Lode Godderis Bram Van Holm Xavier Bossuyt Johan Van Weyenbergh Piet Maes Pieter Vermeersch Pieter Vermeersch |
| author_facet | Bram Decru Jan Van Elslande Sophie Steels Gijs Van Pottelbergh Gijs Van Pottelbergh Lode Godderis Lode Godderis Lode Godderis Lode Godderis Bram Van Holm Xavier Bossuyt Johan Van Weyenbergh Piet Maes Pieter Vermeersch Pieter Vermeersch |
| author_sort | Bram Decru |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundIgG anti-spike (S) antibodies arise after SARS-CoV-2 infection as well as vaccination. Levels of IgG anti-S are linked to neutralizing antibody titers and protection against (re)infection.MethodsWe measured IgG anti-S and surrogate neutralizing antibody kinetics against Wild Type (WT) and 4 Variants of Concern (VOC) in health care workers (HCW) 3 and 10 months after natural infection (“infection”, n=83) or vaccination (2 doses of BNT162b2) with (“hybrid immunity”, n=17) or without prior SARS-CoV-2 infection (“vaccination”, n=97).ResultsThe humoral immune response in the “vaccination” cohort was higher at 3 months, but lower at 10 months, compared to the “infection” cohort due to a faster decline. The “hybrid immunity” cohort had the highest antibody levels at 3 and 10 months with a slower decline compared to the “vaccination” cohort. Surrogate neutralizing antibody levels (expressed as %inhibition of ACE-2 binding) showed a linear relation with log10 of IgG anti-S against WT and four VOC. IgG anti-S corresponding to 90% inhibition ranged from 489 BAU/mL for WT to 1756 BAU/mL for Beta variant. Broad pseudoneutralization predicted live virus neutralization of Omicron BA.1 in 20 randomly selected high titer samples.ConclusionsHybrid immunity resulted in the strongest humoral immune response. Antibodies induced by natural infection decreased more slowly than after vaccination, resulting in higher antibody levels at 10 months compared to vaccinated HCW without prior infection. There was a linear relationship between surrogate neutralizing activity and log10 IgG anti-S for WT and 4 VOC, although some VOC showed reduced sensitivity to pseudoneutralization. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T05:25:56Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b8b695148afd4e81ba982eabb6625293 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T05:25:56Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-b8b695148afd4e81ba982eabb66252932022-12-22T03:46:18ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242022-06-011310.3389/fimmu.2022.909910909910IgG Anti-Spike Antibodies and Surrogate Neutralizing Antibody Levels Decline Faster 3 to 10 Months After BNT162b2 Vaccination Than After SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Healthcare WorkersBram Decru0Jan Van Elslande1Sophie Steels2Gijs Van Pottelbergh3Gijs Van Pottelbergh4Lode Godderis5Lode Godderis6Lode Godderis7Lode Godderis8Bram Van Holm9Xavier Bossuyt10Johan Van Weyenbergh11Piet Maes12Pieter Vermeersch13Pieter Vermeersch14University Hospitals Leuven, Clinical Department of Laboratory Medicine and National Reference Center for Respiratory Pathogens, Leuven, BelgiumUniversity Hospitals Leuven, Clinical Department of Laboratory Medicine and National Reference Center for Respiratory Pathogens, Leuven, BelgiumUniversity Hospitals Leuven, Clinical Department of Laboratory Medicine and National Reference Center for Respiratory Pathogens, Leuven, BelgiumAcademic Centre of General Practice, KU Leuven, Leuven, BelgiumDepartment of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, BelgiumAcademic Centre of General Practice, KU Leuven, Leuven, BelgiumDepartment of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, BelgiumEnvironment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, BelgiumGroup IDEWE, External Service for Prevention and Protection at Work, Heverlee, BelgiumLaboratory of Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, BelgiumUniversity Hospitals Leuven, Clinical Department of Laboratory Medicine and National Reference Center for Respiratory Pathogens, Leuven, BelgiumLaboratory of Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, BelgiumLaboratory of Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, BelgiumUniversity Hospitals Leuven, Clinical Department of Laboratory Medicine and National Reference Center for Respiratory Pathogens, Leuven, BelgiumDepartment of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, BelgiumBackgroundIgG anti-spike (S) antibodies arise after SARS-CoV-2 infection as well as vaccination. Levels of IgG anti-S are linked to neutralizing antibody titers and protection against (re)infection.MethodsWe measured IgG anti-S and surrogate neutralizing antibody kinetics against Wild Type (WT) and 4 Variants of Concern (VOC) in health care workers (HCW) 3 and 10 months after natural infection (“infection”, n=83) or vaccination (2 doses of BNT162b2) with (“hybrid immunity”, n=17) or without prior SARS-CoV-2 infection (“vaccination”, n=97).ResultsThe humoral immune response in the “vaccination” cohort was higher at 3 months, but lower at 10 months, compared to the “infection” cohort due to a faster decline. The “hybrid immunity” cohort had the highest antibody levels at 3 and 10 months with a slower decline compared to the “vaccination” cohort. Surrogate neutralizing antibody levels (expressed as %inhibition of ACE-2 binding) showed a linear relation with log10 of IgG anti-S against WT and four VOC. IgG anti-S corresponding to 90% inhibition ranged from 489 BAU/mL for WT to 1756 BAU/mL for Beta variant. Broad pseudoneutralization predicted live virus neutralization of Omicron BA.1 in 20 randomly selected high titer samples.ConclusionsHybrid immunity resulted in the strongest humoral immune response. Antibodies induced by natural infection decreased more slowly than after vaccination, resulting in higher antibody levels at 10 months compared to vaccinated HCW without prior infection. There was a linear relationship between surrogate neutralizing activity and log10 IgG anti-S for WT and 4 VOC, although some VOC showed reduced sensitivity to pseudoneutralization.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2022.909910/fullSARS-CoV-2COVD-19 serological testingneutralizing antibodiesvaccinationspikeIgG |
| spellingShingle | Bram Decru Jan Van Elslande Sophie Steels Gijs Van Pottelbergh Gijs Van Pottelbergh Lode Godderis Lode Godderis Lode Godderis Lode Godderis Bram Van Holm Xavier Bossuyt Johan Van Weyenbergh Piet Maes Pieter Vermeersch Pieter Vermeersch IgG Anti-Spike Antibodies and Surrogate Neutralizing Antibody Levels Decline Faster 3 to 10 Months After BNT162b2 Vaccination Than After SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Healthcare Workers Frontiers in Immunology SARS-CoV-2 COVD-19 serological testing neutralizing antibodies vaccination spike IgG |
| title | IgG Anti-Spike Antibodies and Surrogate Neutralizing Antibody Levels Decline Faster 3 to 10 Months After BNT162b2 Vaccination Than After SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Healthcare Workers |
| title_full | IgG Anti-Spike Antibodies and Surrogate Neutralizing Antibody Levels Decline Faster 3 to 10 Months After BNT162b2 Vaccination Than After SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Healthcare Workers |
| title_fullStr | IgG Anti-Spike Antibodies and Surrogate Neutralizing Antibody Levels Decline Faster 3 to 10 Months After BNT162b2 Vaccination Than After SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Healthcare Workers |
| title_full_unstemmed | IgG Anti-Spike Antibodies and Surrogate Neutralizing Antibody Levels Decline Faster 3 to 10 Months After BNT162b2 Vaccination Than After SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Healthcare Workers |
| title_short | IgG Anti-Spike Antibodies and Surrogate Neutralizing Antibody Levels Decline Faster 3 to 10 Months After BNT162b2 Vaccination Than After SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Healthcare Workers |
| title_sort | igg anti spike antibodies and surrogate neutralizing antibody levels decline faster 3 to 10 months after bnt162b2 vaccination than after sars cov 2 infection in healthcare workers |
| topic | SARS-CoV-2 COVD-19 serological testing neutralizing antibodies vaccination spike IgG |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2022.909910/full |
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