Intrathecal morphine in combination with bupivacaine as pre-emptive analgesia in posterior lumbar fusion surgery: a retrospective cohort study
Abstract Background The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of intrathecal morphine (ITM) in combination with bupivacaine as pre-emptive analgesia in patients undergoing posterior lumbar fusion surgery. This is in comparison with traditional opioid analgesics such as intravenous (IV)...
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
BMC
2022-04-01
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Series: | Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13018-022-03124-2 |