Degradation profile of nixtamalized maize pericarp by the action of the microbial consortium PM-06
Abstract The nixtamalized maize pericarp (NMP) is a plentiful by-product of the tortilla industry and an important source of fermentable sugars. The aim of this study was to describe the degradation profile of NMP by the action of a consortium (PM-06) obtained from the native microbial community of...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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SpringerOpen
2019-06-01
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| Series: | AMB Express |
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| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13568-019-0812-7 |
| _version_ | 1818302801632034816 |
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| author | José Germán Serrano-Gamboa Rafael Antonio Rojas-Herrera Araceli González-Burgos Jorge Luis Folch-Mallol Diego Javier Jiménez Mónica Noel Sánchez-González |
| author_facet | José Germán Serrano-Gamboa Rafael Antonio Rojas-Herrera Araceli González-Burgos Jorge Luis Folch-Mallol Diego Javier Jiménez Mónica Noel Sánchez-González |
| author_sort | José Germán Serrano-Gamboa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract The nixtamalized maize pericarp (NMP) is a plentiful by-product of the tortilla industry and an important source of fermentable sugars. The aim of this study was to describe the degradation profile of NMP by the action of a consortium (PM-06) obtained from the native microbial community of this residue. The degradation was analyzed in terms of the changes in the community dynamics, production of enzymes (endo-xylanase and endo-cellulase), physicochemical parameters, and substrate chemical and microstructural characteristics, to understand the mechanisms behind the process. The consortium PM-06 degraded 86.8 ± 3.3% of NMP after 192 h of growth. Scanning electron microscopy images, and the composition and weight of the residual solids, showed that degradation was sequential starting with the consumption of hemicellulose. Xylanase was the highest enzyme activity produced, with a maximum value of 12.45 ± 0.03 U mL−1. There were fluctuations in the pH during the NMP degradation, starting with the acidification of the culture media and finishing with a pH close to 8.5. The most abundant species in the consortium, at the moment of maximum degradation activity, were Aneurinibacillus migulanus, Paenibacillus macerans, Bacillus coagulans, Microbacterium sp. LCT-H2, and Bacillus thuringiensis. The diversity of PM-06 provided metabolic abilities that in combination helped to produce an efficient process. The consortium PM-06 generated a set of different tools that worked coordinated to increase the substrate availability through the solubilization of components and elimination of structural diffusion barriers. This is the first report about the degradation of NMP using a microbial consortium. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T05:44:41Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-bcb35b6f0f34449ca867aec8286012fb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2191-0855 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T05:44:41Z |
| publishDate | 2019-06-01 |
| publisher | SpringerOpen |
| record_format | Article |
| series | AMB Express |
| spelling | doaj.art-bcb35b6f0f34449ca867aec8286012fb2022-12-21T23:57:43ZengSpringerOpenAMB Express2191-08552019-06-019111210.1186/s13568-019-0812-7Degradation profile of nixtamalized maize pericarp by the action of the microbial consortium PM-06José Germán Serrano-Gamboa0Rafael Antonio Rojas-Herrera1Araceli González-Burgos2Jorge Luis Folch-Mallol3Diego Javier Jiménez4Mónica Noel Sánchez-González5Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Autónoma de YucatánFacultad de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Autónoma de YucatánCentro de Investigación en Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de MorelosCentro de Investigación en Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de MorelosMicrobiomes and Bioenergy Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, Universidad de los AndesFacultad de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Autónoma de YucatánAbstract The nixtamalized maize pericarp (NMP) is a plentiful by-product of the tortilla industry and an important source of fermentable sugars. The aim of this study was to describe the degradation profile of NMP by the action of a consortium (PM-06) obtained from the native microbial community of this residue. The degradation was analyzed in terms of the changes in the community dynamics, production of enzymes (endo-xylanase and endo-cellulase), physicochemical parameters, and substrate chemical and microstructural characteristics, to understand the mechanisms behind the process. The consortium PM-06 degraded 86.8 ± 3.3% of NMP after 192 h of growth. Scanning electron microscopy images, and the composition and weight of the residual solids, showed that degradation was sequential starting with the consumption of hemicellulose. Xylanase was the highest enzyme activity produced, with a maximum value of 12.45 ± 0.03 U mL−1. There were fluctuations in the pH during the NMP degradation, starting with the acidification of the culture media and finishing with a pH close to 8.5. The most abundant species in the consortium, at the moment of maximum degradation activity, were Aneurinibacillus migulanus, Paenibacillus macerans, Bacillus coagulans, Microbacterium sp. LCT-H2, and Bacillus thuringiensis. The diversity of PM-06 provided metabolic abilities that in combination helped to produce an efficient process. The consortium PM-06 generated a set of different tools that worked coordinated to increase the substrate availability through the solubilization of components and elimination of structural diffusion barriers. This is the first report about the degradation of NMP using a microbial consortium.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13568-019-0812-7Nixtamalized maize pericarpEndogenous microbial consortiumLignocellulose degradation mechanismXylanase and cellulase activities |
| spellingShingle | José Germán Serrano-Gamboa Rafael Antonio Rojas-Herrera Araceli González-Burgos Jorge Luis Folch-Mallol Diego Javier Jiménez Mónica Noel Sánchez-González Degradation profile of nixtamalized maize pericarp by the action of the microbial consortium PM-06 AMB Express Nixtamalized maize pericarp Endogenous microbial consortium Lignocellulose degradation mechanism Xylanase and cellulase activities |
| title | Degradation profile of nixtamalized maize pericarp by the action of the microbial consortium PM-06 |
| title_full | Degradation profile of nixtamalized maize pericarp by the action of the microbial consortium PM-06 |
| title_fullStr | Degradation profile of nixtamalized maize pericarp by the action of the microbial consortium PM-06 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Degradation profile of nixtamalized maize pericarp by the action of the microbial consortium PM-06 |
| title_short | Degradation profile of nixtamalized maize pericarp by the action of the microbial consortium PM-06 |
| title_sort | degradation profile of nixtamalized maize pericarp by the action of the microbial consortium pm 06 |
| topic | Nixtamalized maize pericarp Endogenous microbial consortium Lignocellulose degradation mechanism Xylanase and cellulase activities |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13568-019-0812-7 |
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