In vitro safety and functional characterization of the novel Bacillus coagulans strain CGI314
IntroductionBacillus coagulans species have garnered much interest in health-related functional food research owing to their desirable probiotic properties, including pathogen exclusion, antioxidant, antimicrobial, immunomodulatory and food fermentation capabilities coupled with their tolerance of e...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1302480/full |
| _version_ | 1797359923136299008 |
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| author | Shahneela Mazhar Annie Simon Ekaterina Khokhlova Joan Colom Natasha Leeuwendaal John Deaton Kieran Rea |
| author_facet | Shahneela Mazhar Annie Simon Ekaterina Khokhlova Joan Colom Natasha Leeuwendaal John Deaton Kieran Rea |
| author_sort | Shahneela Mazhar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | IntroductionBacillus coagulans species have garnered much interest in health-related functional food research owing to their desirable probiotic properties, including pathogen exclusion, antioxidant, antimicrobial, immunomodulatory and food fermentation capabilities coupled with their tolerance of extreme environments (pH, temperature, gastric and bile acid resistance) and stability due to their endosporulation ability.MethodsIn this study, the novel strain Bacillus coagulans CGI314 was assessed for safety, and functional probiotic attributes including resistance to heat, gastric acid and bile salts, the ability to adhere to intestinal cells, aggregation properties, the ability to suppress the growth of human pathogens, enzymatic profile, antioxidant capacity using biochemical and cell-based methods, cholesterol assimilation, anti-inflammatory activity, and attenuation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced disruption of the intestinal-epithelial barrier.ResultsB. coagulans CGI314 spores display resistance to high temperatures (40°C, 70°C, and 90°C), and gastric and bile acids [pH 3.0 and bile salt (0.3%)], demonstrating its ability to survive and remain viable under gastrointestinal conditions. Spores and the vegetative form of this strain were able to adhere to a mucous-producing intestinal cell line, demonstrated moderate auto-aggregation properties, and could co-aggregate with potentially pathogenic bacteria. Vegetative cells attenuated LPS-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine gene expression in HT-29 intestinal cell lines and demonstrated broad antagonistic activity toward numerous urinary tract, intestinal, oral, and skin pathogens. Metabolomic profiling demonstrated its ability to synthesize several amino acids, vitamins and short-chain fatty acids from the breakdown of complex molecules or by de novo synthesis. Additionally, B. coagulans CGI314’s strong antioxidant capacity was demonstrated using enzyme-based methods and was further supported by its cytoprotective and antioxidant effects in HepG2 and HT-29 cell lines. Furthermore, B. coagulans CGI314 significantly increased the expression of tight junction proteins and partially ameliorated the detrimental effects of H2O2 induced intestinal-epithelial barrier integrity.DiscussionTaken together these beneficial functional properties provide strong evidence for B. coagulans CGI314 as a promising potential probiotic candidate in food products. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T15:30:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-bcd703c61fbc4ea8831595b08c3a0b61 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-302X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T15:30:53Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-bcd703c61fbc4ea8831595b08c3a0b612024-01-10T04:46:27ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2024-01-011410.3389/fmicb.2023.13024801302480In vitro safety and functional characterization of the novel Bacillus coagulans strain CGI314Shahneela Mazhar0Annie Simon1Ekaterina Khokhlova2Joan Colom3Natasha Leeuwendaal4John Deaton5Kieran Rea6ADM Cork H&W Limited, Bio-Innovation Unit, University College Cork, Cork, IrelandADM Cork H&W Limited, Bio-Innovation Unit, University College Cork, Cork, IrelandADM Cork H&W Limited, Bio-Innovation Unit, University College Cork, Cork, IrelandADM Cork H&W Limited, Bio-Innovation Unit, University College Cork, Cork, IrelandADM Cork H&W Limited, Bio-Innovation Unit, University College Cork, Cork, IrelandADM Deerland Probiotics and Enzymes, Kennesaw, GA, United StatesADM Cork H&W Limited, Bio-Innovation Unit, University College Cork, Cork, IrelandIntroductionBacillus coagulans species have garnered much interest in health-related functional food research owing to their desirable probiotic properties, including pathogen exclusion, antioxidant, antimicrobial, immunomodulatory and food fermentation capabilities coupled with their tolerance of extreme environments (pH, temperature, gastric and bile acid resistance) and stability due to their endosporulation ability.MethodsIn this study, the novel strain Bacillus coagulans CGI314 was assessed for safety, and functional probiotic attributes including resistance to heat, gastric acid and bile salts, the ability to adhere to intestinal cells, aggregation properties, the ability to suppress the growth of human pathogens, enzymatic profile, antioxidant capacity using biochemical and cell-based methods, cholesterol assimilation, anti-inflammatory activity, and attenuation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced disruption of the intestinal-epithelial barrier.ResultsB. coagulans CGI314 spores display resistance to high temperatures (40°C, 70°C, and 90°C), and gastric and bile acids [pH 3.0 and bile salt (0.3%)], demonstrating its ability to survive and remain viable under gastrointestinal conditions. Spores and the vegetative form of this strain were able to adhere to a mucous-producing intestinal cell line, demonstrated moderate auto-aggregation properties, and could co-aggregate with potentially pathogenic bacteria. Vegetative cells attenuated LPS-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine gene expression in HT-29 intestinal cell lines and demonstrated broad antagonistic activity toward numerous urinary tract, intestinal, oral, and skin pathogens. Metabolomic profiling demonstrated its ability to synthesize several amino acids, vitamins and short-chain fatty acids from the breakdown of complex molecules or by de novo synthesis. Additionally, B. coagulans CGI314’s strong antioxidant capacity was demonstrated using enzyme-based methods and was further supported by its cytoprotective and antioxidant effects in HepG2 and HT-29 cell lines. Furthermore, B. coagulans CGI314 significantly increased the expression of tight junction proteins and partially ameliorated the detrimental effects of H2O2 induced intestinal-epithelial barrier integrity.DiscussionTaken together these beneficial functional properties provide strong evidence for B. coagulans CGI314 as a promising potential probiotic candidate in food products.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1302480/fullBacillus coagulans CGI314probiotic propertiesfunctional foodsantioxidantintestinal-epithelial barrier integrity |
| spellingShingle | Shahneela Mazhar Annie Simon Ekaterina Khokhlova Joan Colom Natasha Leeuwendaal John Deaton Kieran Rea In vitro safety and functional characterization of the novel Bacillus coagulans strain CGI314 Frontiers in Microbiology Bacillus coagulans CGI314 probiotic properties functional foods antioxidant intestinal-epithelial barrier integrity |
| title | In vitro safety and functional characterization of the novel Bacillus coagulans strain CGI314 |
| title_full | In vitro safety and functional characterization of the novel Bacillus coagulans strain CGI314 |
| title_fullStr | In vitro safety and functional characterization of the novel Bacillus coagulans strain CGI314 |
| title_full_unstemmed | In vitro safety and functional characterization of the novel Bacillus coagulans strain CGI314 |
| title_short | In vitro safety and functional characterization of the novel Bacillus coagulans strain CGI314 |
| title_sort | in vitro safety and functional characterization of the novel bacillus coagulans strain cgi314 |
| topic | Bacillus coagulans CGI314 probiotic properties functional foods antioxidant intestinal-epithelial barrier integrity |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1302480/full |
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