Examining the role of intrinsic and reflexive contributions to ankle joint hyper-resistance treated with botulinum toxin-A
Abstract Background Spasticity, i.e. stretch hyperreflexia, increases joint resistance similar to symptoms like hypertonia and contractures. Botulinum neurotoxin-A (BoNT-A) injections are a widely used intervention to reduce spasticity. BoNT-A effects on spasticity are poorly understood, because cli...
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
BMC
2023-02-01
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Series: | Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12984-023-01141-8 |