An Ultrahigh‐Density Microneedle Array for Skin Vaccination: Inducing Epidermal Cell Death by Increasing Microneedle Density Enhances Total IgG and IgG1 Immune Responses
Many types of microneedle (MN) arrays have been tested for delivery of vaccines to the skin. However, the effect of MN geometry/array design on antibody production is still unclear. Reports suggest that systemic immune responses may be affected by how MN arrays “mechanically” deliver vaccines, which...
Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Wiley-VCH
2022-08-01
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Series: | Advanced NanoBiomed Research |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/anbr.202100151 |