Kardar–Parisi–Zhang roughening associated with nucleation-limited steady crystal growth
Abstract The roughness of crystal surfaces and the shape of crystals play important roles in multiscale phenomena. For example, the roughness of the crystal surface affects the frictional and optical properties of materials such as ice or silica. Theoretical studies on crystal surfaces based on the...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-43002-3 |
| _version_ | 1797452744069480448 |
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| author | Noriko Akutsu |
| author_facet | Noriko Akutsu |
| author_sort | Noriko Akutsu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract The roughness of crystal surfaces and the shape of crystals play important roles in multiscale phenomena. For example, the roughness of the crystal surface affects the frictional and optical properties of materials such as ice or silica. Theoretical studies on crystal surfaces based on the symmetry principle proposed that the growing surfaces of crystal growth could be classified in the universal class of Kardar–Parisi–Zhang (KPZ), but experiments rarely observe KPZ properties. To fill this the gap, extensive numerical calculations of the crystal growth rates and the surface roughness (surface width) have been performed for a nanoscale lattice model using the Monte Carlo method. The results indicate that a (001) surface is smooth within the single nucleation growth region. In contrast, the same surface is atomically smooth but thermodynamically rough in the poly-nucleation growth region in conjunction with a KPZ roughness exponent. Inclined surfaces are known to become Berezinskii–Kosterlitz–Thouless (BKT) rough surfaces both at and near equilibrium. The two types of steps associated with the (001) and (111) terraces were found to induce KPZ surface roughness, while the interplay between steps and multilayered islands promoted BKT roughness. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:13:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c36b340d49f04007a9efe96769827e43 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:13:06Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-c36b340d49f04007a9efe96769827e432023-11-26T13:16:08ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222023-09-0113111310.1038/s41598-023-43002-3Kardar–Parisi–Zhang roughening associated with nucleation-limited steady crystal growthNoriko Akutsu0Faculty of Engineering, Osaka Electro-Communication UniversityAbstract The roughness of crystal surfaces and the shape of crystals play important roles in multiscale phenomena. For example, the roughness of the crystal surface affects the frictional and optical properties of materials such as ice or silica. Theoretical studies on crystal surfaces based on the symmetry principle proposed that the growing surfaces of crystal growth could be classified in the universal class of Kardar–Parisi–Zhang (KPZ), but experiments rarely observe KPZ properties. To fill this the gap, extensive numerical calculations of the crystal growth rates and the surface roughness (surface width) have been performed for a nanoscale lattice model using the Monte Carlo method. The results indicate that a (001) surface is smooth within the single nucleation growth region. In contrast, the same surface is atomically smooth but thermodynamically rough in the poly-nucleation growth region in conjunction with a KPZ roughness exponent. Inclined surfaces are known to become Berezinskii–Kosterlitz–Thouless (BKT) rough surfaces both at and near equilibrium. The two types of steps associated with the (001) and (111) terraces were found to induce KPZ surface roughness, while the interplay between steps and multilayered islands promoted BKT roughness.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-43002-3 |
| spellingShingle | Noriko Akutsu Kardar–Parisi–Zhang roughening associated with nucleation-limited steady crystal growth Scientific Reports |
| title | Kardar–Parisi–Zhang roughening associated with nucleation-limited steady crystal growth |
| title_full | Kardar–Parisi–Zhang roughening associated with nucleation-limited steady crystal growth |
| title_fullStr | Kardar–Parisi–Zhang roughening associated with nucleation-limited steady crystal growth |
| title_full_unstemmed | Kardar–Parisi–Zhang roughening associated with nucleation-limited steady crystal growth |
| title_short | Kardar–Parisi–Zhang roughening associated with nucleation-limited steady crystal growth |
| title_sort | kardar parisi zhang roughening associated with nucleation limited steady crystal growth |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-43002-3 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT norikoakutsu kardarparisizhangrougheningassociatedwithnucleationlimitedsteadycrystalgrowth |