Dietary supplementation of heat-treated Gracilaria and Ulva seaweeds enhanced acute hypoxia tolerance in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata)
Intensive aquaculture practices involve rearing fish at high densities. In these conditions, fish may be exposed to suboptimal dissolved O2 levels with an increased formation of reactive O2 species (ROS) in tissues. Seaweeds (SW) contain biologically active substances with efficient antioxidant capa...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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The Company of Biologists
2017-06-01
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| Series: | Biology Open |
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| Online Access: | http://bio.biologists.org/content/6/6/897 |
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| author | Leonardo J. Magnoni Juan Antonio Martos-Sitcha Augusto Queiroz Josep Alvar Calduch-Giner José Fernando Magalhães Gonçalves Cristina M. R. Rocha Helena T. Abreu Johan W. Schrama Rodrigo O. A. Ozorio Jaume Pérez-Sánchez |
| author_facet | Leonardo J. Magnoni Juan Antonio Martos-Sitcha Augusto Queiroz Josep Alvar Calduch-Giner José Fernando Magalhães Gonçalves Cristina M. R. Rocha Helena T. Abreu Johan W. Schrama Rodrigo O. A. Ozorio Jaume Pérez-Sánchez |
| author_sort | Leonardo J. Magnoni |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Intensive aquaculture practices involve rearing fish at high densities. In these conditions, fish may be exposed to suboptimal dissolved O2 levels with an increased formation of reactive O2 species (ROS) in tissues. Seaweeds (SW) contain biologically active substances with efficient antioxidant capacities. This study evaluated the effects of dietary supplementation of heat-treated SW (5% Gracilaria vermiculophylla or 5% Ulva lactuca) on stress bioindicators in sea bream subjected to a hypoxic challenge. 168 fish (104.5 g average weight) were distributed in 24 tanks, in which eight tanks were fed one of three experimental diets for 34 days: (i) a control diet without SW supplementation, (ii) a control diet supplemented with Ulva, or (iii) a control diet with Gracilaria. Thereafter, fish from 12 tanks (n=4 tanks/dietary treatment) were subjected to 24 h hypoxia (1.3 mg O2 l−1) and subsequent recovery normoxia (8.6 mg O2 l−1). Hypoxic fish showed an increase in hematocrit values regardless of dietary treatment. Dietary modulation of the O2-carrying capacity was conspicuous during recovery, as fish fed SW supplemented diets displayed significantly higher haemoglobin concentration than fish fed the control diet. After the challenge, survival rates in both groups of fish fed SW were higher, which was consistent with a decrease in hepatic lipid peroxidation in these groups. Furthermore, the hepatic antioxidant enzyme activities were modulated differently by changes in environmental O2 condition, particularly in sea bream fed the Gracilaria diet. After being subjected to hypoxia, the gene expression of antioxidant enzymes and molecular chaperones in liver and heart were down regulated in sea bream fed SW diets. This study suggests that the antioxidant properties of heat-treated SW may have a protective role against oxidative stress. The nature of these compounds and possible mechanisms implied are currently being investigated. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-19T09:10:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c40336f276914781970b5b1bd2c2c8fb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2046-6390 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-19T09:10:50Z |
| publishDate | 2017-06-01 |
| publisher | The Company of Biologists |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biology Open |
| spelling | doaj.art-c40336f276914781970b5b1bd2c2c8fb2022-12-21T20:28:11ZengThe Company of BiologistsBiology Open2046-63902017-06-016689790810.1242/bio.024299024299Dietary supplementation of heat-treated Gracilaria and Ulva seaweeds enhanced acute hypoxia tolerance in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata)Leonardo J. Magnoni0Juan Antonio Martos-Sitcha1Augusto Queiroz2Josep Alvar Calduch-Giner3José Fernando Magalhães Gonçalves4Cristina M. R. Rocha5Helena T. Abreu6Johan W. Schrama7Rodrigo O. A. Ozorio8Jaume Pérez-Sánchez9 CIIMAR, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, Matosinhos 4450-208, Portugal Nutrigenomics and Fish Growth Endocrinology Group, Institute of Aquaculture Torre de la Sal (CSIC), Ribera de Cabanes, Castellón 12595, Spain CIIMAR, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, Matosinhos 4450-208, Portugal Nutrigenomics and Fish Growth Endocrinology Group, Institute of Aquaculture Torre de la Sal (CSIC), Ribera de Cabanes, Castellón 12595, Spain CIIMAR, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, Matosinhos 4450-208, Portugal REQUIMTE, LAQV, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, Porto 4200-465, Portugal ALGAplus, Lda., Travessa Alexandre da Conceição S/N, Ílhavo 3830-196, Portugal Aquaculture and Fisheries group, WIAS, Wageningen University, AH Wageningen 6700, The Netherlands CIIMAR, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, Matosinhos 4450-208, Portugal Nutrigenomics and Fish Growth Endocrinology Group, Institute of Aquaculture Torre de la Sal (CSIC), Ribera de Cabanes, Castellón 12595, Spain Intensive aquaculture practices involve rearing fish at high densities. In these conditions, fish may be exposed to suboptimal dissolved O2 levels with an increased formation of reactive O2 species (ROS) in tissues. Seaweeds (SW) contain biologically active substances with efficient antioxidant capacities. This study evaluated the effects of dietary supplementation of heat-treated SW (5% Gracilaria vermiculophylla or 5% Ulva lactuca) on stress bioindicators in sea bream subjected to a hypoxic challenge. 168 fish (104.5 g average weight) were distributed in 24 tanks, in which eight tanks were fed one of three experimental diets for 34 days: (i) a control diet without SW supplementation, (ii) a control diet supplemented with Ulva, or (iii) a control diet with Gracilaria. Thereafter, fish from 12 tanks (n=4 tanks/dietary treatment) were subjected to 24 h hypoxia (1.3 mg O2 l−1) and subsequent recovery normoxia (8.6 mg O2 l−1). Hypoxic fish showed an increase in hematocrit values regardless of dietary treatment. Dietary modulation of the O2-carrying capacity was conspicuous during recovery, as fish fed SW supplemented diets displayed significantly higher haemoglobin concentration than fish fed the control diet. After the challenge, survival rates in both groups of fish fed SW were higher, which was consistent with a decrease in hepatic lipid peroxidation in these groups. Furthermore, the hepatic antioxidant enzyme activities were modulated differently by changes in environmental O2 condition, particularly in sea bream fed the Gracilaria diet. After being subjected to hypoxia, the gene expression of antioxidant enzymes and molecular chaperones in liver and heart were down regulated in sea bream fed SW diets. This study suggests that the antioxidant properties of heat-treated SW may have a protective role against oxidative stress. The nature of these compounds and possible mechanisms implied are currently being investigated.http://bio.biologists.org/content/6/6/897HypoxiaOxidative stressSea breamNutritional backgroundSeaweeds |
| spellingShingle | Leonardo J. Magnoni Juan Antonio Martos-Sitcha Augusto Queiroz Josep Alvar Calduch-Giner José Fernando Magalhães Gonçalves Cristina M. R. Rocha Helena T. Abreu Johan W. Schrama Rodrigo O. A. Ozorio Jaume Pérez-Sánchez Dietary supplementation of heat-treated Gracilaria and Ulva seaweeds enhanced acute hypoxia tolerance in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) Biology Open Hypoxia Oxidative stress Sea bream Nutritional background Seaweeds |
| title | Dietary supplementation of heat-treated Gracilaria and Ulva seaweeds enhanced acute hypoxia tolerance in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) |
| title_full | Dietary supplementation of heat-treated Gracilaria and Ulva seaweeds enhanced acute hypoxia tolerance in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) |
| title_fullStr | Dietary supplementation of heat-treated Gracilaria and Ulva seaweeds enhanced acute hypoxia tolerance in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Dietary supplementation of heat-treated Gracilaria and Ulva seaweeds enhanced acute hypoxia tolerance in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) |
| title_short | Dietary supplementation of heat-treated Gracilaria and Ulva seaweeds enhanced acute hypoxia tolerance in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) |
| title_sort | dietary supplementation of heat treated gracilaria and ulva seaweeds enhanced acute hypoxia tolerance in gilthead sea bream sparus aurata |
| topic | Hypoxia Oxidative stress Sea bream Nutritional background Seaweeds |
| url | http://bio.biologists.org/content/6/6/897 |
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