The role of FGF9-mediated TGF-β1/Smad signaling in enamel hypoplasia induced by exposure to fluoride and SO2 in rats
Many geographical areas of the world are polluted by both fluoride and sulfur dioxide (SO2). However, the effects of simultaneous exposure to fluoride and SO2 on teeth are unknown. Fibroblast growth factor-9 (FGF9) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) are key signaling molecules in enamel deve...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651323007479 |