The Role of Apoptosis and Autophagy in the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) Axis after Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major health problem affecting millions of people worldwide and leading to death or permanent damage. TBI affects the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis either by primary injury to the hypothalamic–hypophyseal region or by secondary vascular damage, brain, an...
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-12-01
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Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/24/15699 |