Morphine Attenuates Apically-Directed Cytokine Secretion from Intestinal Epithelial Cells in Response to Enteric Pathogens
Epithelial cells represent the first line of host immune defense at mucosal surfaces. Although opioids appear to increase host susceptibility to infection, no studies have examined opioid effects on epithelial immune functions. We tested the hypothesis that morphine alters vectorial cytokine secreti...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2014-04-01
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| Series: | Pathogens |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/3/2/249 |
| _version_ | 1818007902653251584 |
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| author | Amanda J. Brosnahan Bryan J. Jones Cheryl M. Dvorak David R. Brown |
| author_facet | Amanda J. Brosnahan Bryan J. Jones Cheryl M. Dvorak David R. Brown |
| author_sort | Amanda J. Brosnahan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Epithelial cells represent the first line of host immune defense at mucosal surfaces. Although opioids appear to increase host susceptibility to infection, no studies have examined opioid effects on epithelial immune functions. We tested the hypothesis that morphine alters vectorial cytokine secretion from intestinal epithelial cell (IPEC-J2) monolayers in response to enteropathogens. Both entero-adherent Escherichia coli O157:H7 and entero-invasive Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium increased apically-directed IL-6 secretion and bi-directional IL-8 secretion from epithelial monolayers, but only IL-6 secretion evoked by E. coli was reduced by morphine acting through a naloxone-sensitive mechanism. Moreover, the respective type 4 and 5 Toll-like receptor agonists, lipopolysaccharide and flagellin, increased IL-8 secretion from monolayers, which was also attenuated by morphine pretreatment. These results suggest that morphine decreases cytokine secretion and potentially phagocyte migration and activation directed towards the mucosal surface; actions that could increase host susceptibility to some enteric infections. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-14T05:21:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c5bc94ad8bd24c4db4983736096e5af1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-0817 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-14T05:21:57Z |
| publishDate | 2014-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj.art-c5bc94ad8bd24c4db4983736096e5af12022-12-22T02:10:09ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172014-04-013224925710.3390/pathogens3020249pathogens3020249Morphine Attenuates Apically-Directed Cytokine Secretion from Intestinal Epithelial Cells in Response to Enteric PathogensAmanda J. Brosnahan0Bryan J. Jones1Cheryl M. Dvorak2David R. Brown3Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, 1988 Fitch Avenue, Saint Paul, MN 55108-6010, USADepartment of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, 1988 Fitch Avenue, Saint Paul, MN 55108-6010, USADepartment of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, 1988 Fitch Avenue, Saint Paul, MN 55108-6010, USADepartment of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, 1988 Fitch Avenue, Saint Paul, MN 55108-6010, USAEpithelial cells represent the first line of host immune defense at mucosal surfaces. Although opioids appear to increase host susceptibility to infection, no studies have examined opioid effects on epithelial immune functions. We tested the hypothesis that morphine alters vectorial cytokine secretion from intestinal epithelial cell (IPEC-J2) monolayers in response to enteropathogens. Both entero-adherent Escherichia coli O157:H7 and entero-invasive Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium increased apically-directed IL-6 secretion and bi-directional IL-8 secretion from epithelial monolayers, but only IL-6 secretion evoked by E. coli was reduced by morphine acting through a naloxone-sensitive mechanism. Moreover, the respective type 4 and 5 Toll-like receptor agonists, lipopolysaccharide and flagellin, increased IL-8 secretion from monolayers, which was also attenuated by morphine pretreatment. These results suggest that morphine decreases cytokine secretion and potentially phagocyte migration and activation directed towards the mucosal surface; actions that could increase host susceptibility to some enteric infections.http://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/3/2/249morphineopioid receptorssmall intestineepithelial cellEscherichia coliSalmonella entericainterleukin-6interleukin-8Toll-like receptorsswine |
| spellingShingle | Amanda J. Brosnahan Bryan J. Jones Cheryl M. Dvorak David R. Brown Morphine Attenuates Apically-Directed Cytokine Secretion from Intestinal Epithelial Cells in Response to Enteric Pathogens Pathogens morphine opioid receptors small intestine epithelial cell Escherichia coli Salmonella enterica interleukin-6 interleukin-8 Toll-like receptors swine |
| title | Morphine Attenuates Apically-Directed Cytokine Secretion from Intestinal Epithelial Cells in Response to Enteric Pathogens |
| title_full | Morphine Attenuates Apically-Directed Cytokine Secretion from Intestinal Epithelial Cells in Response to Enteric Pathogens |
| title_fullStr | Morphine Attenuates Apically-Directed Cytokine Secretion from Intestinal Epithelial Cells in Response to Enteric Pathogens |
| title_full_unstemmed | Morphine Attenuates Apically-Directed Cytokine Secretion from Intestinal Epithelial Cells in Response to Enteric Pathogens |
| title_short | Morphine Attenuates Apically-Directed Cytokine Secretion from Intestinal Epithelial Cells in Response to Enteric Pathogens |
| title_sort | morphine attenuates apically directed cytokine secretion from intestinal epithelial cells in response to enteric pathogens |
| topic | morphine opioid receptors small intestine epithelial cell Escherichia coli Salmonella enterica interleukin-6 interleukin-8 Toll-like receptors swine |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/3/2/249 |
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