Iron-gall inks: a review of their degradation mechanisms and conservation treatments

Abstract Iron-gall inks are an essential element of our written cultural heritage that is at risk of a total loss due to degradation. This degradation leads to the loss of the support, particularly the cellulose-based support. Intending to stabilize it, we have come a long way from the nineteenth-ce...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Maria João Melo, Vanessa Otero, Paula Nabais, Natércia Teixeira, Fernando Pina, Conceição Casanova, Sara Fragoso, Sílvia O. Sequeira
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: SpringerOpen 2022-09-01
Series:Heritage Science
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s40494-022-00779-2