ApoE Lipidation as a Therapeutic Target in Alzheimer’s Disease
Apolipoprotein E (<i>APOE</i>) is the major cholesterol carrier in the brain, affecting various normal cellular processes including neuronal growth, repair and remodeling of membranes, synaptogenesis, clearance and degradation of amyloid β (Aβ) and neuroinflammation. In humans, the <i...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2020-09-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/17/6336 |
| Summary: | Apolipoprotein E (<i>APOE</i>) is the major cholesterol carrier in the brain, affecting various normal cellular processes including neuronal growth, repair and remodeling of membranes, synaptogenesis, clearance and degradation of amyloid β (Aβ) and neuroinflammation. In humans, the <i>APOE</i> gene has three common allelic variants, termed E2, E3, and E4. <i>APOE4</i> is considered the strongest genetic risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease (AD), whereas <i>APOE2</i> is neuroprotective. To perform its normal functions, apoE must be secreted and properly lipidated, a process influenced by the structural differences associated with apoE isoforms. Here we highlight the importance of lipidated apoE as well as the <i>APOE</i>-lipidation targeted therapeutic approaches that have the potential to correct or prevent neurodegeneration. Many of these approaches have been validated using diverse cellular and animal models. Overall, there is great potential to improve the lipidated state of apoE with the goal of ameliorating <i>APOE</i>-associated central nervous system impairments. |
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| ISSN: | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |