Untargeted Metabolomics of Rind Essential Oils Allowed to Differentiate Two Closely Related Clementine Varieties
Chemical characterization of clementine varieties (<i>Citrus clementina</i> Hort. ex Tan.) essential oils (EO) can lead to variety identification and valorization of their potential use in food and aroma industries. The goal of this study was the chemometric discrimination between two ve...
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MDPI AG
2021-08-01
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| Series: | Plants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/9/1789 |
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| author | María del Carmen González-Mas José L. Rambla Aurelio Gómez-Cadenas María Amparo Blázquez María Pilar López-Gresa Antonio Granell |
| author_facet | María del Carmen González-Mas José L. Rambla Aurelio Gómez-Cadenas María Amparo Blázquez María Pilar López-Gresa Antonio Granell |
| author_sort | María del Carmen González-Mas |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Chemical characterization of clementine varieties (<i>Citrus clementina</i> Hort. ex Tan.) essential oils (EO) can lead to variety identification and valorization of their potential use in food and aroma industries. The goal of this study was the chemometric discrimination between two very closely related and morphologically identical clementine varieties, Clemenules (NL) and Clemenpons (PO), based on their rind EO, to identify the differential volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and to determine their antioxidant capacity. EO rind volatile profile was determined by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry in <i>Citrus</i> fruit at different ripening stages grown two independent years in two different locations. Untargeted metabolomics and multivariate data analysis showed an evolution of EO volatile profiles markedly parallel in both varieties. Although EO qualitative composition was identical in both varieties, PLS-DA allowed the identification of characteristic VOCs, quantitatively discriminating them along all the ripening process. PO showed higher accumulation of several mono- and sesquiterpene compounds such as <i>trans</i>-carveol, while NL showed higher levels of aldehyde and alcohol non-terpenoids like dodecanal. Both varieties evinced identical EO antioxidant activities, indicating a similar value for food preservation. Hence, untargeted metabolomics approach based on rind EO volatiles was revealed as a powerful technique able to differentiate between morphologically undistinguishable <i>Citrus</i> varieties. |
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| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T07:17:43Z |
| publishDate | 2021-08-01 |
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| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-c7b78528f95a4ecab7e405239c82736c2023-11-22T14:51:44ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472021-08-01109178910.3390/plants10091789Untargeted Metabolomics of Rind Essential Oils Allowed to Differentiate Two Closely Related Clementine VarietiesMaría del Carmen González-Mas0José L. Rambla1Aurelio Gómez-Cadenas2María Amparo Blázquez3María Pilar López-Gresa4Antonio Granell5Fundación AgroAlimed (Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias, IVIA), Carretera Moncada-Náquera, Km 4.5, 46113 Moncada, València, SpainDepartamento de Ciencias Agrarias y del Medio Natural, Universitat Jaume I, Av. Vicent Sos Baynat s/n, 12071 Castellón de la Plana, Castelló, SpainDepartamento de Ciencias Agrarias y del Medio Natural, Universitat Jaume I, Av. Vicent Sos Baynat s/n, 12071 Castellón de la Plana, Castelló, SpainDepartament de Farmacologia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de València, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46110 Burjassot, València, SpainInstituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, CSIC—Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Ingeniero Fausto Elio, 46022 València, València, SpainInstituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, CSIC—Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Ingeniero Fausto Elio, 46022 València, València, SpainChemical characterization of clementine varieties (<i>Citrus clementina</i> Hort. ex Tan.) essential oils (EO) can lead to variety identification and valorization of their potential use in food and aroma industries. The goal of this study was the chemometric discrimination between two very closely related and morphologically identical clementine varieties, Clemenules (NL) and Clemenpons (PO), based on their rind EO, to identify the differential volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and to determine their antioxidant capacity. EO rind volatile profile was determined by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry in <i>Citrus</i> fruit at different ripening stages grown two independent years in two different locations. Untargeted metabolomics and multivariate data analysis showed an evolution of EO volatile profiles markedly parallel in both varieties. Although EO qualitative composition was identical in both varieties, PLS-DA allowed the identification of characteristic VOCs, quantitatively discriminating them along all the ripening process. PO showed higher accumulation of several mono- and sesquiterpene compounds such as <i>trans</i>-carveol, while NL showed higher levels of aldehyde and alcohol non-terpenoids like dodecanal. Both varieties evinced identical EO antioxidant activities, indicating a similar value for food preservation. Hence, untargeted metabolomics approach based on rind EO volatiles was revealed as a powerful technique able to differentiate between morphologically undistinguishable <i>Citrus</i> varieties.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/9/1789<i>Citrus clementina</i>ClemenulesClemenponsflavedovolatile organic compoundsantioxidant activity |
| spellingShingle | María del Carmen González-Mas José L. Rambla Aurelio Gómez-Cadenas María Amparo Blázquez María Pilar López-Gresa Antonio Granell Untargeted Metabolomics of Rind Essential Oils Allowed to Differentiate Two Closely Related Clementine Varieties Plants <i>Citrus clementina</i> Clemenules Clemenpons flavedo volatile organic compounds antioxidant activity |
| title | Untargeted Metabolomics of Rind Essential Oils Allowed to Differentiate Two Closely Related Clementine Varieties |
| title_full | Untargeted Metabolomics of Rind Essential Oils Allowed to Differentiate Two Closely Related Clementine Varieties |
| title_fullStr | Untargeted Metabolomics of Rind Essential Oils Allowed to Differentiate Two Closely Related Clementine Varieties |
| title_full_unstemmed | Untargeted Metabolomics of Rind Essential Oils Allowed to Differentiate Two Closely Related Clementine Varieties |
| title_short | Untargeted Metabolomics of Rind Essential Oils Allowed to Differentiate Two Closely Related Clementine Varieties |
| title_sort | untargeted metabolomics of rind essential oils allowed to differentiate two closely related clementine varieties |
| topic | <i>Citrus clementina</i> Clemenules Clemenpons flavedo volatile organic compounds antioxidant activity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/9/1789 |
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