Releasing the Immune System Brakes Using siRNAs Enhances Cancer Immunotherapy
Therapeutic dendritic cell (DC) cancer vaccines rely on the immune system to eradicate tumour cells. Although tumour antigen-specific T cell responses have been observed in most studies, clinical responses are fairly low, arguing for the need to improve the design of DC-based vaccines. The incorpora...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2019-02-01
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| Series: | Cancers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/11/2/176 |
| _version_ | 1797727955289374720 |
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| author | Mouldy Sioud |
| author_facet | Mouldy Sioud |
| author_sort | Mouldy Sioud |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Therapeutic dendritic cell (DC) cancer vaccines rely on the immune system to eradicate tumour cells. Although tumour antigen-specific T cell responses have been observed in most studies, clinical responses are fairly low, arguing for the need to improve the design of DC-based vaccines. The incorporation of small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) against immunosuppressive factors in the manufacturing process of DCs can turn the vaccine into potent immune stimulators. Additionally, siRNA modification of ex vivo-expanded T cells for adoptive immunotherapy enhanced their killing potency. Most of the siRNA-targeted immune inhibitory factors have been successful in that their blockade produced the strongest cytotoxic T cell responses in preclinical and clinical studies. Cancer patients treated with the siRNA-modified DC vaccines showed promising clinical benefits providing a strong rationale for further development of these immunogenic vaccine formulations. This review covers the progress in combining siRNAs with DC vaccines or T cell therapy to boost anti-tumour immunity. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T11:06:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c805255762d049d3a7f3a2b0cb59fcd2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6694 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T11:06:49Z |
| publishDate | 2019-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cancers |
| spelling | doaj.art-c805255762d049d3a7f3a2b0cb59fcd22023-09-02T03:47:25ZengMDPI AGCancers2072-66942019-02-0111217610.3390/cancers11020176cancers11020176Releasing the Immune System Brakes Using siRNAs Enhances Cancer ImmunotherapyMouldy Sioud0Department of Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital-Radiumhospitalet, Montebello, N-0310 Oslo, NorwayTherapeutic dendritic cell (DC) cancer vaccines rely on the immune system to eradicate tumour cells. Although tumour antigen-specific T cell responses have been observed in most studies, clinical responses are fairly low, arguing for the need to improve the design of DC-based vaccines. The incorporation of small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) against immunosuppressive factors in the manufacturing process of DCs can turn the vaccine into potent immune stimulators. Additionally, siRNA modification of ex vivo-expanded T cells for adoptive immunotherapy enhanced their killing potency. Most of the siRNA-targeted immune inhibitory factors have been successful in that their blockade produced the strongest cytotoxic T cell responses in preclinical and clinical studies. Cancer patients treated with the siRNA-modified DC vaccines showed promising clinical benefits providing a strong rationale for further development of these immunogenic vaccine formulations. This review covers the progress in combining siRNAs with DC vaccines or T cell therapy to boost anti-tumour immunity.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/11/2/176dendritic cellsimmunotherapygene silencingadoptive cell therapyRNA interferencetargeted therapiescheckpoint inhibitors |
| spellingShingle | Mouldy Sioud Releasing the Immune System Brakes Using siRNAs Enhances Cancer Immunotherapy Cancers dendritic cells immunotherapy gene silencing adoptive cell therapy RNA interference targeted therapies checkpoint inhibitors |
| title | Releasing the Immune System Brakes Using siRNAs Enhances Cancer Immunotherapy |
| title_full | Releasing the Immune System Brakes Using siRNAs Enhances Cancer Immunotherapy |
| title_fullStr | Releasing the Immune System Brakes Using siRNAs Enhances Cancer Immunotherapy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Releasing the Immune System Brakes Using siRNAs Enhances Cancer Immunotherapy |
| title_short | Releasing the Immune System Brakes Using siRNAs Enhances Cancer Immunotherapy |
| title_sort | releasing the immune system brakes using sirnas enhances cancer immunotherapy |
| topic | dendritic cells immunotherapy gene silencing adoptive cell therapy RNA interference targeted therapies checkpoint inhibitors |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/11/2/176 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT mouldysioud releasingtheimmunesystembrakesusingsirnasenhancescancerimmunotherapy |