| Summary: | This study aimed to investigate the elicitation effects of alginate oligosaccharides extracted from brown algae (<i>Sargassum</i> species) on β-glucan production in cauliflower mushroom (<i>Sparassis latifolia</i>). Sodium alginate was refined from <i>Sargassum fulvellum</i>, <i>S. fusiforme</i>, and <i>S. horneri</i>, and characterized by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (<sup>1</sup>H NMR), resulting mannuronic acid to guluronic acid (M/G) rationes from 0.64 to 1.38. Three oligosaccharide fractions, ethanol fraction (EF), solid fraction (SF), and liquid fraction (LF), were prepared by acid hydrolysis and analyzed by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra and high-performance anion-exchange chromatography with a pulsed amperometric detector (HPAEC-PAD). The samples of <i>S. fusiforme</i> resulted in the highest hydrolysate in SF and the lowest in LF, which was consistent with its highest M/G ratio. The SF of <i>S. fusiforme</i> and LF of <i>S. horneri</i> were chosen for elicitation on <i>S. latifolia</i>, yielding the highest β-glucan contents of 56.01 ± 3.45% and 59.74 ± 4.49% in the stalk, respectively. Total polyphenol content (TPC) and antioxidant activities (2,2’-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging and Superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity) of aqueous extracts of <i>S. latifolia</i> were greatly stimulated by alginate elicitation. These results demonstrate that alginate oligosaccharides extracted from brown algae may be useful as an elicitor to enhance the nutritional value of mushrooms.
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