Lithium-Ion Battery Modeling and State of Charge Prediction Based on Fractional-Order Calculus
Predicting lithium-ion batteries’ state of charge (SOC) is essential to electric vehicle battery management systems. Traditional lithium-ion battery models mainly include equivalent circuit models (ECMs) and electrochemical models (EMs). ECMs are based on integer-order component modeling, which cann...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-08-01
|
| Series: | Mathematics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/11/15/3401 |