Selection and Characterization of Bacteriocinogenic Lactic Acid Bacteria from the Intestine of Gilthead Seabream (<i>Sparus aurata</i>) and Whiting Fish (<i>Merlangius merlangus</i>): Promising Strains for Aquaculture Probiotic and Food Bio-Preservation
This study sought to evaluate the probiotic properties and the food preservation ability of lactic acid bacteria isolates collected from the intestines of wild marine fishes (gilthead seabream (<i>Sparus aurata</i>) (<i>n</i> = 60) and whiting fish (<i>Merlangius merlan...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Life |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/13/9/1833 |
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| author | Sarah Cheriet Sana Lengliz Amel Romdhani Paul Hynds Mohamed Salah Abbassi Taoufik Ghrairi |
| author_facet | Sarah Cheriet Sana Lengliz Amel Romdhani Paul Hynds Mohamed Salah Abbassi Taoufik Ghrairi |
| author_sort | Sarah Cheriet |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study sought to evaluate the probiotic properties and the food preservation ability of lactic acid bacteria isolates collected from the intestines of wild marine fishes (gilthead seabream (<i>Sparus aurata</i>) (<i>n</i> = 60) and whiting fish (<i>Merlangius merlangus</i>) (<i>n</i> = 40)) from the Mediterranean sea in the area of Mostaganem city, Algeria. Forty-two isolates were identified as: <i>Enterococcus durans</i> (<i>n</i> = 19), <i>Enterococcus faecium</i> (<i>n</i> = 15), <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> (<i>n</i> = 4), <i>Lactococcus lactis</i> subp. <i>lactis</i> (<i>n</i> = 3), and <i>Lactobacillus plantarum</i> (<i>n</i> = 1). All isolates showed inhibition to at least one indicator strain, especially against <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i>, <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, <i>Paenibacillus larvae</i>, <i>Vibrio alginolyticus</i>, <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i>, <i>Bacillus cereus</i>, and <i>Bacillus subtilis</i>. In all collected isolates, PCR analysis of enterocin-encoding genes showed the following genes: <i>entP</i> (<i>n</i> = 21), <i>ent</i>1071A/B (<i>n</i> = 11), <i>entB</i> (<i>n</i> = 8), <i>ent</i>L50A/B (<i>n</i> = 7), <i>ent</i>AS48 (<i>n</i> = 5), and <i>entX</i> (<i>n</i> = 1). Interestingly, 15 isolates harbored more than one <i>ent</i> gene. Antimicrobial susceptibility, phenotypic virulence, and genes encoding virulence factors were investigated by PCR. Resistance to tetracycline (<i>n</i> = 8: <i>tetL</i> + <i>tetK)</i>, erythromycin (<i>n</i> = 7: 5 <i>ermA</i>, 2 <i>msrA</i>, and 1 <i>mef</i>(A/E)), ciprofloxacin (<i>n</i> = 1), gentamicin (<i>n</i> = 1: <i>aac</i>(6′)-<i>aph</i>(2″)), and linezolid (<i>n</i> = 1) were observed. Three isolates were gelatinase producers and eight were α-hemolytic. Three <i>E. durans</i> and one <i>E. faecium</i> harbored the <i>hyl</i> gene. Eight isolates showing safety properties (susceptible to clinically relevant antibiotics, free of genes encoding virulence factors) were tested to select probiotic candidates. They showed high tolerance to low pH and bile salt, hydrophobicity power, and co-culture ability. The eight isolates showed important phenotypic and genotypic traits enabling them to be promising probiotic candidates or food bio-conservers and starter cultures. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:33:24Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-1729 |
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| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:33:24Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
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| series | Life |
| spelling | doaj.art-c94d3fac75c14a8cadb9feb8591cc1bd2023-11-19T11:36:56ZengMDPI AGLife2075-17292023-08-01139183310.3390/life13091833Selection and Characterization of Bacteriocinogenic Lactic Acid Bacteria from the Intestine of Gilthead Seabream (<i>Sparus aurata</i>) and Whiting Fish (<i>Merlangius merlangus</i>): Promising Strains for Aquaculture Probiotic and Food Bio-PreservationSarah Cheriet0Sana Lengliz1Amel Romdhani2Paul Hynds3Mohamed Salah Abbassi4Taoufik Ghrairi5Institute of Veterinary Research of Tunisia, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1006, TunisiaInstitute of Veterinary Research of Tunisia, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1006, TunisiaInstitute of Veterinary Research of Tunisia, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1006, TunisiaEnvironmental Sustainability and Health Institute (ESHI), Technological University Dublin, Grangegorman, Dublin 7, D07 H6K8 Dublin, IrelandInstitute of Veterinary Research of Tunisia, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1006, TunisiaLaboratory of Neurophysiology Cellular Physiopathology and Biomolecule Valorisation LR18ES03, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis 2092, TunisiaThis study sought to evaluate the probiotic properties and the food preservation ability of lactic acid bacteria isolates collected from the intestines of wild marine fishes (gilthead seabream (<i>Sparus aurata</i>) (<i>n</i> = 60) and whiting fish (<i>Merlangius merlangus</i>) (<i>n</i> = 40)) from the Mediterranean sea in the area of Mostaganem city, Algeria. Forty-two isolates were identified as: <i>Enterococcus durans</i> (<i>n</i> = 19), <i>Enterococcus faecium</i> (<i>n</i> = 15), <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> (<i>n</i> = 4), <i>Lactococcus lactis</i> subp. <i>lactis</i> (<i>n</i> = 3), and <i>Lactobacillus plantarum</i> (<i>n</i> = 1). All isolates showed inhibition to at least one indicator strain, especially against <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i>, <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, <i>Paenibacillus larvae</i>, <i>Vibrio alginolyticus</i>, <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i>, <i>Bacillus cereus</i>, and <i>Bacillus subtilis</i>. In all collected isolates, PCR analysis of enterocin-encoding genes showed the following genes: <i>entP</i> (<i>n</i> = 21), <i>ent</i>1071A/B (<i>n</i> = 11), <i>entB</i> (<i>n</i> = 8), <i>ent</i>L50A/B (<i>n</i> = 7), <i>ent</i>AS48 (<i>n</i> = 5), and <i>entX</i> (<i>n</i> = 1). Interestingly, 15 isolates harbored more than one <i>ent</i> gene. Antimicrobial susceptibility, phenotypic virulence, and genes encoding virulence factors were investigated by PCR. Resistance to tetracycline (<i>n</i> = 8: <i>tetL</i> + <i>tetK)</i>, erythromycin (<i>n</i> = 7: 5 <i>ermA</i>, 2 <i>msrA</i>, and 1 <i>mef</i>(A/E)), ciprofloxacin (<i>n</i> = 1), gentamicin (<i>n</i> = 1: <i>aac</i>(6′)-<i>aph</i>(2″)), and linezolid (<i>n</i> = 1) were observed. Three isolates were gelatinase producers and eight were α-hemolytic. Three <i>E. durans</i> and one <i>E. faecium</i> harbored the <i>hyl</i> gene. Eight isolates showing safety properties (susceptible to clinically relevant antibiotics, free of genes encoding virulence factors) were tested to select probiotic candidates. They showed high tolerance to low pH and bile salt, hydrophobicity power, and co-culture ability. The eight isolates showed important phenotypic and genotypic traits enabling them to be promising probiotic candidates or food bio-conservers and starter cultures.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/13/9/1833marine fishlactic acid bacteriabacteriocinfish healthbio-preservation |
| spellingShingle | Sarah Cheriet Sana Lengliz Amel Romdhani Paul Hynds Mohamed Salah Abbassi Taoufik Ghrairi Selection and Characterization of Bacteriocinogenic Lactic Acid Bacteria from the Intestine of Gilthead Seabream (<i>Sparus aurata</i>) and Whiting Fish (<i>Merlangius merlangus</i>): Promising Strains for Aquaculture Probiotic and Food Bio-Preservation Life marine fish lactic acid bacteria bacteriocin fish health bio-preservation |
| title | Selection and Characterization of Bacteriocinogenic Lactic Acid Bacteria from the Intestine of Gilthead Seabream (<i>Sparus aurata</i>) and Whiting Fish (<i>Merlangius merlangus</i>): Promising Strains for Aquaculture Probiotic and Food Bio-Preservation |
| title_full | Selection and Characterization of Bacteriocinogenic Lactic Acid Bacteria from the Intestine of Gilthead Seabream (<i>Sparus aurata</i>) and Whiting Fish (<i>Merlangius merlangus</i>): Promising Strains for Aquaculture Probiotic and Food Bio-Preservation |
| title_fullStr | Selection and Characterization of Bacteriocinogenic Lactic Acid Bacteria from the Intestine of Gilthead Seabream (<i>Sparus aurata</i>) and Whiting Fish (<i>Merlangius merlangus</i>): Promising Strains for Aquaculture Probiotic and Food Bio-Preservation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Selection and Characterization of Bacteriocinogenic Lactic Acid Bacteria from the Intestine of Gilthead Seabream (<i>Sparus aurata</i>) and Whiting Fish (<i>Merlangius merlangus</i>): Promising Strains for Aquaculture Probiotic and Food Bio-Preservation |
| title_short | Selection and Characterization of Bacteriocinogenic Lactic Acid Bacteria from the Intestine of Gilthead Seabream (<i>Sparus aurata</i>) and Whiting Fish (<i>Merlangius merlangus</i>): Promising Strains for Aquaculture Probiotic and Food Bio-Preservation |
| title_sort | selection and characterization of bacteriocinogenic lactic acid bacteria from the intestine of gilthead seabream i sparus aurata i and whiting fish i merlangius merlangus i promising strains for aquaculture probiotic and food bio preservation |
| topic | marine fish lactic acid bacteria bacteriocin fish health bio-preservation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/13/9/1833 |
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