Increased oxidative stress responses in murine macrophages exposed at the air-liquid interface to third- and fourth-generation electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS) aerosols
Background: New fourth generation electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS) devices contain high levels of nicotine salt (up to 60 mg/mL), whose cellular and molecular effects on immune cells are currently unknown. Here, we used a physiologically-relevant in vitro air-liquid interface (ALI) exposur...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Toxicology Reports |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214750023000720 |