Adaptation Mechanisms of Yak (<i>Bos grunniens</i>) to High-Altitude Environmental Stress
Living at a high altitude involves many environmental challenges. The combined effects of hypoxia and cold stress impose severe physiological challenges on endothermic animals. The yak is integral to the livelihood of the people occupying the vast, inhospitable Qinghai–Tibetan plateau and the surrou...
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MDPI AG
2021-08-01
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| Series: | Animals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/11/8/2344 |
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| author | Wondossen Ayalew Min Chu Chunnian Liang Xiaoyun Wu Ping Yan |
| author_facet | Wondossen Ayalew Min Chu Chunnian Liang Xiaoyun Wu Ping Yan |
| author_sort | Wondossen Ayalew |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Living at a high altitude involves many environmental challenges. The combined effects of hypoxia and cold stress impose severe physiological challenges on endothermic animals. The yak is integral to the livelihood of the people occupying the vast, inhospitable Qinghai–Tibetan plateau and the surrounding mountainous region. Due to long-term selection, the yak exhibits stable and unique genetic characteristics which enable physiological, biochemical, and morphological adaptations to a high altitude. Thus, the yak is a representative model for mammalian plateau-adaptability studies. Understanding coping mechanisms provides unique insights into adaptive evolution, thus informing the breeding of domestic yaks. This review provides an overview of genetic adaptations in <i>Bos grunniens</i> to high-altitude environmental stress. Combined genomics and theoretical advances have informed the genetic basis of high-altitude adaptations. |
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| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-cb7f2678344c4c759c7f32cd185638cd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:04:42Z |
| publishDate | 2021-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj.art-cb7f2678344c4c759c7f32cd185638cd2023-11-22T06:30:46ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152021-08-01118234410.3390/ani11082344Adaptation Mechanisms of Yak (<i>Bos grunniens</i>) to High-Altitude Environmental StressWondossen Ayalew0Min Chu1Chunnian Liang2Xiaoyun Wu3Ping Yan4Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding Engineering, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, ChinaKey Laboratory of Yak Breeding Engineering, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, ChinaKey Laboratory of Yak Breeding Engineering, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, ChinaKey Laboratory of Yak Breeding Engineering, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, ChinaKey Laboratory of Yak Breeding Engineering, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, ChinaLiving at a high altitude involves many environmental challenges. The combined effects of hypoxia and cold stress impose severe physiological challenges on endothermic animals. The yak is integral to the livelihood of the people occupying the vast, inhospitable Qinghai–Tibetan plateau and the surrounding mountainous region. Due to long-term selection, the yak exhibits stable and unique genetic characteristics which enable physiological, biochemical, and morphological adaptations to a high altitude. Thus, the yak is a representative model for mammalian plateau-adaptability studies. Understanding coping mechanisms provides unique insights into adaptive evolution, thus informing the breeding of domestic yaks. This review provides an overview of genetic adaptations in <i>Bos grunniens</i> to high-altitude environmental stress. Combined genomics and theoretical advances have informed the genetic basis of high-altitude adaptations.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/11/8/2344adaptationhigh altitudehypoxiayak |
| spellingShingle | Wondossen Ayalew Min Chu Chunnian Liang Xiaoyun Wu Ping Yan Adaptation Mechanisms of Yak (<i>Bos grunniens</i>) to High-Altitude Environmental Stress Animals adaptation high altitude hypoxia yak |
| title | Adaptation Mechanisms of Yak (<i>Bos grunniens</i>) to High-Altitude Environmental Stress |
| title_full | Adaptation Mechanisms of Yak (<i>Bos grunniens</i>) to High-Altitude Environmental Stress |
| title_fullStr | Adaptation Mechanisms of Yak (<i>Bos grunniens</i>) to High-Altitude Environmental Stress |
| title_full_unstemmed | Adaptation Mechanisms of Yak (<i>Bos grunniens</i>) to High-Altitude Environmental Stress |
| title_short | Adaptation Mechanisms of Yak (<i>Bos grunniens</i>) to High-Altitude Environmental Stress |
| title_sort | adaptation mechanisms of yak i bos grunniens i to high altitude environmental stress |
| topic | adaptation high altitude hypoxia yak |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/11/8/2344 |
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