Association of diet quality with serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein level and the adherence to the Saudi dietary guidelines among female college students
Objective: Assess adherence to the Saudi Dietary Guidelines and identify the diet quality using the Healthy Eating Index (HEI-2015), and measure levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), an indicator of the risk of chronic diseases, among female Saudi college students. Methods: A cross...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2022-02-01
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| Series: | Journal of King Saud University: Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1018364721004274 |
| _version_ | 1798025180950298624 |
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| author | Leenah Alfreeh Suliman Alomar Ghadeer S. Aljuraiban |
| author_facet | Leenah Alfreeh Suliman Alomar Ghadeer S. Aljuraiban |
| author_sort | Leenah Alfreeh |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objective: Assess adherence to the Saudi Dietary Guidelines and identify the diet quality using the Healthy Eating Index (HEI-2015), and measure levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), an indicator of the risk of chronic diseases, among female Saudi college students. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 401 randomly selected female students aged 19–35 years at [removed for blind peer review]. Data from an interview-based Saudi Food Frequency Questionnaire, health history, anthropometric measurements, and hs-CRP were collected. Multivariable linear regression analyses were used to examine the associations between HEI-2015 score and hs-CRP. Results: There was an overall low adherence (43%) to the Saudi Dietary Guidelines, higher intake of cereal, bread, meat and sodium, and lower intake of dairy products compared to recommended levels. The mean HEI-2015 score was (62.7 ± 10.2), indicating poor diet quality, and the mean hs-CRP level was high (2.62 ± 3.31 mg/l). The HEI-2015 score was inversely correlated with the hs-CRP level (r = −0.43) and body mass index (BMI, r = −0.23). A higher HEI-2015 score per 1 SD (10 points) was associated with −0.2 (95% CI: −0.4, −0.1 mg/l) lower hs-CRP, independent of lifestyle factors and BMI. Conclusion: Poor quality diet was associated with higher hs-CRP levels, an indicator of adverse health conditions. Further research and intervention studies to develop potential strategies to enhance positive dietary behavior changes are needed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T18:15:42Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-cc2a029639ec4dca8f148011a9e64b27 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1018-3647 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T18:15:42Z |
| publishDate | 2022-02-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of King Saud University: Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-cc2a029639ec4dca8f148011a9e64b272022-12-22T04:09:57ZengElsevierJournal of King Saud University: Science1018-36472022-02-01342101765Association of diet quality with serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein level and the adherence to the Saudi dietary guidelines among female college studentsLeenah Alfreeh0Suliman Alomar1Ghadeer S. Aljuraiban2Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi ArabiaZoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Corresponding author.Objective: Assess adherence to the Saudi Dietary Guidelines and identify the diet quality using the Healthy Eating Index (HEI-2015), and measure levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), an indicator of the risk of chronic diseases, among female Saudi college students. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 401 randomly selected female students aged 19–35 years at [removed for blind peer review]. Data from an interview-based Saudi Food Frequency Questionnaire, health history, anthropometric measurements, and hs-CRP were collected. Multivariable linear regression analyses were used to examine the associations between HEI-2015 score and hs-CRP. Results: There was an overall low adherence (43%) to the Saudi Dietary Guidelines, higher intake of cereal, bread, meat and sodium, and lower intake of dairy products compared to recommended levels. The mean HEI-2015 score was (62.7 ± 10.2), indicating poor diet quality, and the mean hs-CRP level was high (2.62 ± 3.31 mg/l). The HEI-2015 score was inversely correlated with the hs-CRP level (r = −0.43) and body mass index (BMI, r = −0.23). A higher HEI-2015 score per 1 SD (10 points) was associated with −0.2 (95% CI: −0.4, −0.1 mg/l) lower hs-CRP, independent of lifestyle factors and BMI. Conclusion: Poor quality diet was associated with higher hs-CRP levels, an indicator of adverse health conditions. Further research and intervention studies to develop potential strategies to enhance positive dietary behavior changes are needed.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1018364721004274Unhealthy dietary habitshs-CRPDietary guidelinesNon-communicable diseasesDietary behaviorHEI-2015 |
| spellingShingle | Leenah Alfreeh Suliman Alomar Ghadeer S. Aljuraiban Association of diet quality with serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein level and the adherence to the Saudi dietary guidelines among female college students Journal of King Saud University: Science Unhealthy dietary habits hs-CRP Dietary guidelines Non-communicable diseases Dietary behavior HEI-2015 |
| title | Association of diet quality with serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein level and the adherence to the Saudi dietary guidelines among female college students |
| title_full | Association of diet quality with serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein level and the adherence to the Saudi dietary guidelines among female college students |
| title_fullStr | Association of diet quality with serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein level and the adherence to the Saudi dietary guidelines among female college students |
| title_full_unstemmed | Association of diet quality with serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein level and the adherence to the Saudi dietary guidelines among female college students |
| title_short | Association of diet quality with serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein level and the adherence to the Saudi dietary guidelines among female college students |
| title_sort | association of diet quality with serum high sensitivity c reactive protein level and the adherence to the saudi dietary guidelines among female college students |
| topic | Unhealthy dietary habits hs-CRP Dietary guidelines Non-communicable diseases Dietary behavior HEI-2015 |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1018364721004274 |
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