Acceptability and Efficacy of the SMARxT Media Literacy Education Program to Counter Pharmaceutical Marketing Influences among Medical Trainees
Background: Evidence-based prescribing (EBP) results in decreased morbidity and reduces medical costs. However, pharmaceutical marketing influences medication requests and prescribing habits, which can detract from EBP. Media literacy, which teaches critical thinking, is a promising approach for buf...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Interdisciplinary Journal of Virtual Learning in Medical Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://ijvlms.sums.ac.ir/article_48794_49f6654f4e60341ee35cfa00032bbde7.pdf |
| _version_ | 1811218030900805632 |
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| author | Jason Colditz Ariel Shensa Amy Kennedy Michelle Woods Jaime Sidani Brian Primack |
| author_facet | Jason Colditz Ariel Shensa Amy Kennedy Michelle Woods Jaime Sidani Brian Primack |
| author_sort | Jason Colditz |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Evidence-based prescribing (EBP) results in decreased morbidity and reduces medical costs. However, pharmaceutical marketing influences medication requests and prescribing habits, which can detract from EBP. Media literacy, which teaches critical thinking, is a promising approach for buffering marketing influences and encouraging EBP. The authors developed the “SMARxT” media literacy education program around marketing influences on EBP decision-making. The program consisted of six videos and knowledge assessments that were delivered as an online educational intervention through the Qualtrics platform.Methods: In 2017, we assessed program feasibility, acceptability, and efficacy of enhancing knowledge among resident physicians at the University of Pittsburgh. Resident physicians (n=73) responded to pretest items assessing prior knowledge, viewed six SMARxT videos, and responded to post-test items. A 6-month follow-up test was completed to quantitatively assess sustained changes in knowledge and to qualitatively assess summative feedback about the program (n=54). Test scores were assessed from pre- to post-test and from pretest to follow-up using paired-sample t-tests. Qualitative results were synthesized through content analysis.Results: Proportion of correct knowledge responses increased from pre-test to immediate post-test (31% to 64%, P<0.001) at baseline. Correct responses also increased from pre-test to 6-month follow up (31% to 43%, P<0.001). Feasibility was demonstrated by 95% of enrolled participants completing all baseline procedures and 70% completing 6-month follow-up. Quantitative measures of acceptability yielded positive scores and qualitative responses indicated participants’ increased confidence in understanding and countering marketing influences due to the intervention. However, participants stated they would prefer shorter videos, feedback about test scores, and additional resources to reinforce learning objectives.Conclusion: The SMARxT media literacy program was efficacious and acceptable to resident physicians. Participant suggestions could be incorporated into a subsequent version of SMARxT and inform similar clinical education programs. Future research should assess program impact on real-world prescribing practices |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T07:03:01Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ccda5ab10f06481c82d806e03c651575 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2476-7263 2476-7271 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T07:03:01Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | Shiraz University of Medical Sciences |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Interdisciplinary Journal of Virtual Learning in Medical Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-ccda5ab10f06481c82d806e03c6515752022-12-22T03:42:57ZengShiraz University of Medical SciencesInterdisciplinary Journal of Virtual Learning in Medical Sciences2476-72632476-72712022-09-0113321322010.30476/ijvlms.2022.95137.115148794Acceptability and Efficacy of the SMARxT Media Literacy Education Program to Counter Pharmaceutical Marketing Influences among Medical TraineesJason Colditz0Ariel Shensa1Amy Kennedy2Michelle Woods3Jaime Sidani4Brian Primack5School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USARangos School of Health Sciences, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA, USAVA Puget Sound Healthcare System, Seattle, WA, USASchool of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USASchool of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USACollege of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USABackground: Evidence-based prescribing (EBP) results in decreased morbidity and reduces medical costs. However, pharmaceutical marketing influences medication requests and prescribing habits, which can detract from EBP. Media literacy, which teaches critical thinking, is a promising approach for buffering marketing influences and encouraging EBP. The authors developed the “SMARxT” media literacy education program around marketing influences on EBP decision-making. The program consisted of six videos and knowledge assessments that were delivered as an online educational intervention through the Qualtrics platform.Methods: In 2017, we assessed program feasibility, acceptability, and efficacy of enhancing knowledge among resident physicians at the University of Pittsburgh. Resident physicians (n=73) responded to pretest items assessing prior knowledge, viewed six SMARxT videos, and responded to post-test items. A 6-month follow-up test was completed to quantitatively assess sustained changes in knowledge and to qualitatively assess summative feedback about the program (n=54). Test scores were assessed from pre- to post-test and from pretest to follow-up using paired-sample t-tests. Qualitative results were synthesized through content analysis.Results: Proportion of correct knowledge responses increased from pre-test to immediate post-test (31% to 64%, P<0.001) at baseline. Correct responses also increased from pre-test to 6-month follow up (31% to 43%, P<0.001). Feasibility was demonstrated by 95% of enrolled participants completing all baseline procedures and 70% completing 6-month follow-up. Quantitative measures of acceptability yielded positive scores and qualitative responses indicated participants’ increased confidence in understanding and countering marketing influences due to the intervention. However, participants stated they would prefer shorter videos, feedback about test scores, and additional resources to reinforce learning objectives.Conclusion: The SMARxT media literacy program was efficacious and acceptable to resident physicians. Participant suggestions could be incorporated into a subsequent version of SMARxT and inform similar clinical education programs. Future research should assess program impact on real-world prescribing practiceshttps://ijvlms.sums.ac.ir/article_48794_49f6654f4e60341ee35cfa00032bbde7.pdfpharmaceutical marketingindustry influenceresidency trainingonlinemedical educationevidence-based prescribingsmarxt |
| spellingShingle | Jason Colditz Ariel Shensa Amy Kennedy Michelle Woods Jaime Sidani Brian Primack Acceptability and Efficacy of the SMARxT Media Literacy Education Program to Counter Pharmaceutical Marketing Influences among Medical Trainees Interdisciplinary Journal of Virtual Learning in Medical Sciences pharmaceutical marketing industry influence residency training online medical education evidence-based prescribing smarxt |
| title | Acceptability and Efficacy of the SMARxT Media Literacy Education Program to Counter Pharmaceutical Marketing Influences among Medical Trainees |
| title_full | Acceptability and Efficacy of the SMARxT Media Literacy Education Program to Counter Pharmaceutical Marketing Influences among Medical Trainees |
| title_fullStr | Acceptability and Efficacy of the SMARxT Media Literacy Education Program to Counter Pharmaceutical Marketing Influences among Medical Trainees |
| title_full_unstemmed | Acceptability and Efficacy of the SMARxT Media Literacy Education Program to Counter Pharmaceutical Marketing Influences among Medical Trainees |
| title_short | Acceptability and Efficacy of the SMARxT Media Literacy Education Program to Counter Pharmaceutical Marketing Influences among Medical Trainees |
| title_sort | acceptability and efficacy of the smarxt media literacy education program to counter pharmaceutical marketing influences among medical trainees |
| topic | pharmaceutical marketing industry influence residency training online medical education evidence-based prescribing smarxt |
| url | https://ijvlms.sums.ac.ir/article_48794_49f6654f4e60341ee35cfa00032bbde7.pdf |
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