Analgesic effect of epidural anesthesia via the intervertebral foramen approach in percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy: a retrospective study
Abstract Background Satisfactory intraoperative analgesia is critical for percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy (PTED). Local anesthesia (LA) and epidural anesthesia (EA) are recommended for PTED. LA alone does not achieve satisfactory pain management during PTED and other analgesics or...
Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
BMC
2022-12-01
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Series: | BMC Anesthesiology |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12871-022-01924-x |