Impact of regular consumption of millets on fasting and post-prandial blood glucose level: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Millets have a low Glycemic Index and are thus expected to help reduce concentration of Fasting and Post-Prandial Blood Sugar (FBS and PPBS) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), which can potentially help the management of type 2 diabetes. This study conducts a systematic review and meta-analysis of the...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fsufs.2023.1226474/full |
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| author | Seetha Anitha Seetha Anitha Takuji W. Tsusaka Rosemary Botha D. Ian Givens Ananthan Rajendran Devraj J. Parasannanavar Kowsalya Subramaniam Raj Kumar Bhandari Joanna Kane-Potaka |
| author_facet | Seetha Anitha Seetha Anitha Takuji W. Tsusaka Rosemary Botha D. Ian Givens Ananthan Rajendran Devraj J. Parasannanavar Kowsalya Subramaniam Raj Kumar Bhandari Joanna Kane-Potaka |
| author_sort | Seetha Anitha |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Millets have a low Glycemic Index and are thus expected to help reduce concentration of Fasting and Post-Prandial Blood Sugar (FBS and PPBS) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), which can potentially help the management of type 2 diabetes. This study conducts a systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of millets consumption on FBS, PPBS, and HbA1c levels in comparison to major staple diets using the difference-in-differences (DID) method, where the effect size was computed on the Standardized Mean Difference scale. Among twelve eligible articles, ten were used in the meta-analysis to assess the effects on FBS levels, while five were used to assess the effects on PPBS levels. The results show significant effects on FBS (p < 0.01) and PPBS (p < 0.05) levels with the effect size of −0.71 and −0.42, respectively. There were 11.8% (p = 0.001) and 15.1% (p = 0.012) reductions in FBS and PPBS level respectively observed in the millet consuming group whereas the comparator group did not have significant reductions in either indicator. On the other hand, the effects on HbA1c levels were insignificant, presumably due to the small sample size where only two studies were undertaken over 90 days, which warrants further research. The findings corroborate the evidence that millets can contribute to managing FBS and PPBS levels better than major staple diets, implying that millets consumption helps reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T16:50:25Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-cdb2a66feef440a192af8ff12fd59a5e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2571-581X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T16:50:25Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems |
| spelling | doaj.art-cdb2a66feef440a192af8ff12fd59a5e2024-01-05T05:12:54ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems2571-581X2024-01-01710.3389/fsufs.2023.12264741226474Impact of regular consumption of millets on fasting and post-prandial blood glucose level: a systematic review and meta-analysisSeetha Anitha0Seetha Anitha1Takuji W. Tsusaka2Rosemary Botha3D. Ian Givens4Ananthan Rajendran5Devraj J. Parasannanavar6Kowsalya Subramaniam7Raj Kumar Bhandari8Joanna Kane-Potaka9Applied Science, University of Lilongwe, Lilongwe, MalawiEnabling System Transformation, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Hyderabad, IndiaOstrom Center for Advanced Studies in Natural Resources Governance, Asian Institute of Technology, Khlong Luang, ThailandOne Acre Fund, Kigali, RwandaInstitute for Food, Nutrition and Health, University of Reading, Reading, United KingdomNational Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, IndiaNational Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, IndiaFood Science and Nutrition, Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for Women, Coimbatore, IndiaNational Technical Board of Nutrition, Government of India, New Delhi, IndiaDeputy Director General, Strategy Engagement and Impact, International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, PhilippinesMillets have a low Glycemic Index and are thus expected to help reduce concentration of Fasting and Post-Prandial Blood Sugar (FBS and PPBS) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), which can potentially help the management of type 2 diabetes. This study conducts a systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of millets consumption on FBS, PPBS, and HbA1c levels in comparison to major staple diets using the difference-in-differences (DID) method, where the effect size was computed on the Standardized Mean Difference scale. Among twelve eligible articles, ten were used in the meta-analysis to assess the effects on FBS levels, while five were used to assess the effects on PPBS levels. The results show significant effects on FBS (p < 0.01) and PPBS (p < 0.05) levels with the effect size of −0.71 and −0.42, respectively. There were 11.8% (p = 0.001) and 15.1% (p = 0.012) reductions in FBS and PPBS level respectively observed in the millet consuming group whereas the comparator group did not have significant reductions in either indicator. On the other hand, the effects on HbA1c levels were insignificant, presumably due to the small sample size where only two studies were undertaken over 90 days, which warrants further research. The findings corroborate the evidence that millets can contribute to managing FBS and PPBS levels better than major staple diets, implying that millets consumption helps reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fsufs.2023.1226474/fulltype 2 diabetesmilletsfasting blood sugarpost-prandial blood sugarglycated hemoglobin |
| spellingShingle | Seetha Anitha Seetha Anitha Takuji W. Tsusaka Rosemary Botha D. Ian Givens Ananthan Rajendran Devraj J. Parasannanavar Kowsalya Subramaniam Raj Kumar Bhandari Joanna Kane-Potaka Impact of regular consumption of millets on fasting and post-prandial blood glucose level: a systematic review and meta-analysis Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems type 2 diabetes millets fasting blood sugar post-prandial blood sugar glycated hemoglobin |
| title | Impact of regular consumption of millets on fasting and post-prandial blood glucose level: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_full | Impact of regular consumption of millets on fasting and post-prandial blood glucose level: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_fullStr | Impact of regular consumption of millets on fasting and post-prandial blood glucose level: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Impact of regular consumption of millets on fasting and post-prandial blood glucose level: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_short | Impact of regular consumption of millets on fasting and post-prandial blood glucose level: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_sort | impact of regular consumption of millets on fasting and post prandial blood glucose level a systematic review and meta analysis |
| topic | type 2 diabetes millets fasting blood sugar post-prandial blood sugar glycated hemoglobin |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fsufs.2023.1226474/full |
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