Real-Life Experience of the Effects of Cladribine Tablets on Lymphocyte Subsets and Serum Neurofilament Light Chain Levels in Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis Patients
Although cladribine induces sustained reductions in peripheral T and B lymphocytes, little is known about its effect on axonal damage reduction in multiple sclerosis (MS), which could be demonstrated by assessing the serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL) levels. We investigated the reduction/recons...
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Brain Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/12/12/1595 |
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| author | Damiano Paolicelli Maddalena Ruggieri Alessia Manni Concetta D. Gargano Graziana Carleo Claudia Palazzo Antonio Iaffaldano Luca Bollo Tommaso Guerra Annalisa Saracino Antonio Frigeri Pietro Iaffaldano Maria Trojano |
| author_facet | Damiano Paolicelli Maddalena Ruggieri Alessia Manni Concetta D. Gargano Graziana Carleo Claudia Palazzo Antonio Iaffaldano Luca Bollo Tommaso Guerra Annalisa Saracino Antonio Frigeri Pietro Iaffaldano Maria Trojano |
| author_sort | Damiano Paolicelli |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Although cladribine induces sustained reductions in peripheral T and B lymphocytes, little is known about its effect on axonal damage reduction in multiple sclerosis (MS), which could be demonstrated by assessing the serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL) levels. We investigated the reduction/reconstitution of different lymphocyte subsets (LS) by verifying the correlation with no evidence of disease activity (NEDA) and the variation in sNfL levels during cladribine treatment. We analysed 33 highly active relapsing MS patients and followed them up for 12 ± 3.3 months; blood samples were collected at treatment start (W0) and after 8, 24 and 48 weeks. Seventeen patients (60.7%) showed NEDA during the first treatment. At week 8, we observed a significant decrease in B memory cells, B regulatory 1 CD19+/CD38+ and B regulatory 2 CD19+/CD25+, a significant increase in T regulatory CD4+/CD25+, a slight increase in T cytotoxic CD3+/CD8+ and a non-significant decrease in T helper CD3+/CD4+. Starting from week 24, the B subsets recovered; however, at week 48, CD19+/CD38+ and CD19+/CD25+ reached values near the baseline, while the Bmem were significantly lower. The T cell subsets remained unchanged except for CD4+/CD25+, which increased compared to W0. The LS changes were not predictive of NEDA achievement. The sNfL levels were significantly lower at week 24 (<i>p</i> = 0.046) vs. baseline. These results could demonstrate how cladribine, by inflammatory activity depletion, can also reduce axonal damage, according to the sNfL levels. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:16:37Z |
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| id | doaj.art-cde8d1a204b04d32a374c572815f66c7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3425 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:16:37Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Brain Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-cde8d1a204b04d32a374c572815f66c72023-11-24T13:38:25ZengMDPI AGBrain Sciences2076-34252022-11-011212159510.3390/brainsci12121595Real-Life Experience of the Effects of Cladribine Tablets on Lymphocyte Subsets and Serum Neurofilament Light Chain Levels in Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis PatientsDamiano Paolicelli0Maddalena Ruggieri1Alessia Manni2Concetta D. Gargano3Graziana Carleo4Claudia Palazzo5Antonio Iaffaldano6Luca Bollo7Tommaso Guerra8Annalisa Saracino9Antonio Frigeri10Pietro Iaffaldano11Maria Trojano12Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, ItalyDepartment of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, ItalyDepartment of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, ItalyDepartment of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, ItalyDepartment of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, ItalyDepartment of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, ItalyDepartment of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, ItalyDepartment of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, ItalyDepartment of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, ItalyDepartment of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, ItalyDepartment of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, ItalyDepartment of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, ItalyDepartment of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, ItalyAlthough cladribine induces sustained reductions in peripheral T and B lymphocytes, little is known about its effect on axonal damage reduction in multiple sclerosis (MS), which could be demonstrated by assessing the serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL) levels. We investigated the reduction/reconstitution of different lymphocyte subsets (LS) by verifying the correlation with no evidence of disease activity (NEDA) and the variation in sNfL levels during cladribine treatment. We analysed 33 highly active relapsing MS patients and followed them up for 12 ± 3.3 months; blood samples were collected at treatment start (W0) and after 8, 24 and 48 weeks. Seventeen patients (60.7%) showed NEDA during the first treatment. At week 8, we observed a significant decrease in B memory cells, B regulatory 1 CD19+/CD38+ and B regulatory 2 CD19+/CD25+, a significant increase in T regulatory CD4+/CD25+, a slight increase in T cytotoxic CD3+/CD8+ and a non-significant decrease in T helper CD3+/CD4+. Starting from week 24, the B subsets recovered; however, at week 48, CD19+/CD38+ and CD19+/CD25+ reached values near the baseline, while the Bmem were significantly lower. The T cell subsets remained unchanged except for CD4+/CD25+, which increased compared to W0. The LS changes were not predictive of NEDA achievement. The sNfL levels were significantly lower at week 24 (<i>p</i> = 0.046) vs. baseline. These results could demonstrate how cladribine, by inflammatory activity depletion, can also reduce axonal damage, according to the sNfL levels.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/12/12/1595cladribine tabletmultiple sclerosisneurofilamentreal lifeno evidence of disease activitylymphocyte subset |
| spellingShingle | Damiano Paolicelli Maddalena Ruggieri Alessia Manni Concetta D. Gargano Graziana Carleo Claudia Palazzo Antonio Iaffaldano Luca Bollo Tommaso Guerra Annalisa Saracino Antonio Frigeri Pietro Iaffaldano Maria Trojano Real-Life Experience of the Effects of Cladribine Tablets on Lymphocyte Subsets and Serum Neurofilament Light Chain Levels in Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis Patients Brain Sciences cladribine tablet multiple sclerosis neurofilament real life no evidence of disease activity lymphocyte subset |
| title | Real-Life Experience of the Effects of Cladribine Tablets on Lymphocyte Subsets and Serum Neurofilament Light Chain Levels in Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis Patients |
| title_full | Real-Life Experience of the Effects of Cladribine Tablets on Lymphocyte Subsets and Serum Neurofilament Light Chain Levels in Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis Patients |
| title_fullStr | Real-Life Experience of the Effects of Cladribine Tablets on Lymphocyte Subsets and Serum Neurofilament Light Chain Levels in Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis Patients |
| title_full_unstemmed | Real-Life Experience of the Effects of Cladribine Tablets on Lymphocyte Subsets and Serum Neurofilament Light Chain Levels in Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis Patients |
| title_short | Real-Life Experience of the Effects of Cladribine Tablets on Lymphocyte Subsets and Serum Neurofilament Light Chain Levels in Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis Patients |
| title_sort | real life experience of the effects of cladribine tablets on lymphocyte subsets and serum neurofilament light chain levels in relapsing multiple sclerosis patients |
| topic | cladribine tablet multiple sclerosis neurofilament real life no evidence of disease activity lymphocyte subset |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/12/12/1595 |
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